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Published byOscar Phelps Modified over 9 years ago
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“The collective term for various forms of diseases of the heart and blood vessels.” Examples? Heart attack, coronary artery disease (CAD), hypertension, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, congestive heart failure, angina
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Atrial fibrillation Irregular atrial rhythm Usually treated with medications Arrhythmia Irregular heartbeat Usually treated with medications Valve problems: Stenosis Incomplete closure Prolapse Heart failure Myocardial infarction
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Accounts for more than one-third of all U.S. deaths. More than 1 of 3 U.S. adults currently lives with one or more types of CVD. (CDC, 2011)
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Oregon.gov, 2010
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Modifiable High blood pressure Smoking Cholesterol Diabetes Sedentary lifestyle Non-modifiable Age Sex Family history Gender
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Hyperlipidemia Elevated lipids in the blood Hypercholesterolemia High cholesterol (LDLs usually) Not always due to dietary intake
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http://www.mayoclinic.com/images/image_popup/ww5r236.jpg
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Hypertension: arteries are narrowed, causes heart to pump harder which creates more force against the artery walls. “Silent” disease May cause damage to every organ Damage is irreversible
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Primary (essential): 90% of all cases Cause is unknown – probably genetics and environment. Secondary 10% of cases Cause is due to medications or other diseases. Approx. 1/3 of Americans have hypertension. Risk increases with age.
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If left untreated, carries high mortality risk. Risk factors: Family history, race, stress, obesity, tobacco use, aging, high sodium intake Complications: Stroke, heart attack, heart failure, hypertensive retinopathy, renal failure
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Chest discomfort Discomfort in arms, neck, jaw, stomach Short of breath Cold sweat Nausea, vomiting Lightheadedness, dizziness Differences between men and women? http://www.ted.com/talks/noel_bairey_merz_the_single_biggest_health_threat_women_face http://www.ted.com/talks/noel_bairey_merz_the_single_biggest_health_threat_women_face
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Source: http://www.strokesurvivors.ca/new/images/stroke_diagram.gif
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~700,000 Americans suffer a stroke every year. 1/3 will die. Strokes may cause permanent damage Paralysis, speech impairment, memory loss, behavior changes.
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Oregon,gov, 2010
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Sudden numbness/weakness of face, arm, leg – especially on one side. Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding. Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes. Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance/coordination Sudden severe headache with no known cause. 3 statement test “Give me a smile”, “Hold out your arms”, “Say this for me”
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TIA – “ministroke” Temporary stroke like symptoms Brief, usually only last a few minutes No permanent damage occurs Can be a precursor to a stroke.
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How sodium fits into the picture Recommended amounts
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Lifestyle modifications….
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