1. Developing a Professional Relationship with a Child Adriana Ysern, National Center for Refugee & Immigrant Children Power Point Presentation created by Christina Wilkes, Children’s Project Director at Ayuda, Inc. Power Point modified with Permission.

2. Psychological Dynamics
Age Appropriate
Child
Attorney
Education levels
limited
Language barriers
Effective communication

3. Understanding the Relationship
Children generally want to please others
Be as clear as possible
It’s okay to ask them to explain things if you don’t understand
Review the facts of the case so that you’re clear
Adult vs. child clients
Setting boundaries
IT TAKES TIME, so plan for multiple appointments.

4. Developing Trust
Children who have suffered abused or neglect by their parents or by authority figures may have difficulty trusting adults.
Be conscious of male/female dynamics.
Be conscious of cultural differences.
A child may find it easier or harder to trust you depending on your:
Age, Race, Gender, etc.

5. Preparing The Case
Be patient as children may have difficulty remembering:
Names and places
Dates and times
They may also have difficulty remembering details; their recollections may change from meeting to meeting (which could be a symptom of trauma).
Don’t make looking for minor inconsistencies your primary goal; you can straighten them out when you are preparing to file.

6. Preparing A Child To Testify

7. The Courtroom Explain:
Who will be in the courtroom and what their roles are.
The order of witnesses and the order of questioning.
How long the the entire hearing will take and how long the direct and cross-examinations will likely last.
If possible, arrange to take the child to see the Court in advance of his/her hearing.

8. Testifying Rehearse child’s testimony several times. Teach the child:
Not to answer confusing questions or ones they don’t understand, and to ask for clarification.
Its okay to say, “I don’t know” or “I don’t remember.”
It is okay to cry during the hearing.
It is okay to ask for a break.
Attorney should be attentive to:
Signs that child is confused, flustered, stressed, etc.
Problems with interpretation.

9. Dealing With Difficult Subjects
Finding additional support
Understanding your role & limitations
Ethical concerns
Referrals to Social Services
Working with a therapist and other professionals