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Chapter 2 Motion in one dimension
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s, v, a Displacement: ( m ) Where you are Velocity: ( m/s ) The rate of change of displacement Acceleration: ( m/s 2 ) The rate of change of velocity Note: Your textbook use x instead of s
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Equations
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Quick Examples
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Useful facts about slope y x 0
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The Signs of Slope ( m ) m >0m <0 m =0
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Slope = ± Rise over Run
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Alternatively You need two points to find a slope!
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Find the slopes
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Important: Unit of Slope!!! Do not ignore the units! Different graph has different units. Unit of slope = (unit of y-axis) / (unit of x-axis)
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Unit of Slope!!! Unit of slope = (unit of y-axis) / (unit of x-axis)
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Three graphs slope area
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Summary
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Find the velocity at t = 1s, 2s Hint: Find the slope
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At t = 1s
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At t = 2s
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The sign of slope
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Find the acceleration at t = 1s, 3s, 5.7s, 6.5s, 8s, 10s Hint: Find the slopes at these times. Velocity (m/s)
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Find a at t = 1s, 3s, 5.7s, 6.5s, 8s, 10s Velocity (m/s)
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Instantaneous velocity versus average velocity All the velocity we dealt with so far are “instantaneous velocity”, not “average velocity”. Unless stated explicitly, velocity in general means “instantaneous velocity”.
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Which is which? Questions about velocity are asked in either one of the two ways:
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Average v or Instantaneous v?
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Displacement and Area
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Find the area How far has the object traveled from 0s to 4s?
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negative Watch out for negative area! Velocity (m/s) Time (s) 0 1m/s -1m/s 2s 4s negative If a line goes under the x-axis, the area it encloses is treated as negative. + -
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Change of velocity is the area under the acceleration-time curve + -
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If you don’t already know this…
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Find the displacement between the following times: Hint: Find the area. Velocity (m/s) 1)0s to 5s 2)5s to 6s 3)6s to 10s 4)8s to 11s 5)2s to 8s
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Find the displacement between the following times: Velocity (m/s) 1)0s to 5s
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Find the displacement between the following times: Velocity (m/s) 5s to 6s
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Find the displacement between the following times: Velocity (m/s) 6s to 10s
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Find the displacement between the following times: Velocity (m/s) 8s to 11s
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Find the displacement between the following times: Velocity (m/s) 2s to 8s
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Sample 01
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Sample 02
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