2. Bed Contained Tectonic Fold-Related Fractures Flank of Teton Anticline Sawtooth Mnts. W. Montana Miss. Madison Ls

3. Reservoir Simulation Integration of multidisciplinary data Up-scaling of observational data Numerically “grow” fracture networks that aptly represent the real fracture networks and their distributions Stress state perturbations due to production

4. Nelson

5. Total Integration Includes: Fracture system characterization Stratigraphic interpretation & modeling Structural geology Petrophysics Seismic mapping & attribute analysis Well testing, inc. production logs Production history matching Reservoir engineering, inc. dual porosity flow behavior Fracture scaling and reservoir simulation Drilling and completion technology

6. Permeability Reduction Due to Stress, Opon Field, Colombia Opon Field, Colombia 100 80 60 40 20 0 10002000300040005000 Confining Pressure, psi % of Original Permeability Matrix Fracture Palmer (1997)

7. A 3DMOVE Fracture Generator Model Courtesy of K. Rawnsley

8. Conceptual Models & Real Fractures Nelson (1985)

9. Reservoir Property Models Generalized Fractures + Crossbedding Nelson (1985)

10. Perm. Anisotropy Brick Model Nelson (1985)

11. Porosity vs. Permeability (All Non-Induced Nugget Ss Fractures) Ryckman Creek WI # 6 Poor Correlation 31% 51% Nelson (1985)

12. (Sample Type 7; B<20, NF) Ryckman Creek WI # 6 Porosity vs. Permeability Better Correlation 62% 66% Nelson (1985)

13. Sugar Cube Approach to Modeling Fractures Nelson (1985)

14. Multi-Scale Fractures in Carbonate 2 ft Nelson (1985)

15. Multi-Scale Tectonic Fracture Development in Ss Sheep Mnt. Anticline, Big Horn Basin, Wyoming 10 ft 1 ft Nelson (1987b)

16. Concept of Natural Fracture Scaling Nelson (1987b)

17. Modified Sugar Cube Modeling Courtesy of SPE Nelson (1985)

18. Smaller Scale Fractures Modeled as Continuum Courtesy of SPE Nelson (1985)

19. Smaller Scale Fractures Modeled as Continuum Courtesy of SPE Nelson (1985)