1. Alexander the Great The spread of Greek culture

2. Macedonia Attacks Greece They were warrior people that fought on horseback that lay north of Greece 359 B.C. Phillip II rose to the throne. Took over Greek city states one at time after the Peloponnesian War. Phillip planned to conquer the Persian empire with the help of the Greeks, but he was murdered.

3. Alexander builds an Empire Phillip’s empire went to his son Alexander, 20. 334 B.C. Alexander invaded Asia Minor 333 B.C. Alexander conquered Asia Minor 332 B.C. captured Syria and Egypt: built Alexanderia

4. Alexander builds an Empire Alexandria: by 100 B.C. largest Mediterranean world Lighthouse of Alexandria (Seven Wonders of the Ancient World) ◦ to serve as that port's landmark, and later, its lighthouse ◦ One of the tallest buildings of the ancient world ◦ Destroyed by earthquakes in 956, 1303, 1323 Library of Alexandria (the largest library in the ancient world) ◦ Collected works from around the world ◦ Helped document history and events

5. Alexander builds an Empire 331 B.C. defeated the Persians in the East 326 B.C. Alexander made it past Pakistan, across the Indus River into India. 323 B.C Alexander returned to Babylon and ten days later died from a bad fever at the age of 32

6. Alexander’s Legacy Great military leader His skill and daring created his legacy Helped extend Greek and Macedonian rule over a vast area. Alexander’s conquests marked the beginning of the Hellenistic(like the Greeks) Era ◦ A time when the Greek language and Greek ideas spread to the non- Greek people of southwest Asia

7. The Empire Breaks Apart After Alexander’s death his generals fought over the empire creating four kingdoms: Macedonia, Pergamum, Egypt, and the Seleucid Empire. All government business in the Hellenistic kingdoms was conducted in the Greek language.

8. Spread of Greek Culture During the Hellenistic Era, philosophers, scientists, artisans, poets, and writers flocked to the new Greek cities to the south. Large bodies of literature were created. New kind of comedies with happy endings that did not poke fun of politicians.

9. Spread of Greek Culture Philosophy continues to be an important part of Greek culture ◦ Epicurus taught that happiness was the goal of life ◦ Zeno developed Stoicism, a belief that people have a duty to serve their city.

10. Spread of Greek Culture Science and Math Aristarchus: claimed the sun was the center of the universe Eratosthenes: the earth was round Euclid: came up with plane geometry Archimedes: worked on solid geometry or the study of ball shapes and figured out the value of pi. Hippocrates: father of medicine