1. The Central Place System in the Northwest Atlas - p. 127-139: Maps & text Consumer-oriented services & industry – locally oriented manufacturing – construction – transportation/communications/utilities – retail & wholesale trade – finance, insurance, & real estate – personal services – local government

2. Distribution of Central Place Functions Retail - p. 137 atlas Eating & Drinking - p. 137 atlas Hotels & Lodging, p. 137 atlas Health Services, p. 137 atlas (map) Wholesale Trade, p. 137-8 atlas (map) (Producer Services) p. 137 atlas Other services (consumer, government)

3. Logic of Central Place System: Its Linkage with Basic Industry Basic Industry = Export Tied Industry Nonbasic = locally tied industry What is basic at one level of the central place system is often nonbasic at Higher levels Backward linkages play a role in the relationship between the level of export/basic jobs and nonbasic/local jobs

4. Early Settlement Basic jobs Direct Jobs Indirect jobs Water Coastal Agricultural Interior

5. Early Settlement - First Hierarchy Basic jobs Direct Jobs Indirect jobs Water Coastal Agricultural Interior

6. Settlement - The Hierarchy in Modern Times Basic jobs Direct Jobs Indirect jobs Water Coastal Agricultural Interior

7. Settlement - The Hierarchy in Coming Years? Basic jobs Direct Jobs Indirect jobs Water Coastal Agricultural Interior New Economy

9. Source: Preston, The Structure of Central Place Systems

10. Market Areas Perceived By Rural County Commissioners

11. Source, Preston,

12. Source: Preston, The Structure of Central Place Systems

15. From Vision 2040, the current Puget Sound Regional Council regional development plan

16. Economic Base & The Settlement System The Region Exports Imports Local Multiplier Effects

17. Washington Input-Output Table ($ billions) Net industrial exports are roughly offset by imports to industries and categories of final demand (households, investment, state & local govt.) Industrial Imports Industrial Exports Net Industrial Exports: 246.7 – 193.9 = 52.8 Imports to Consumption, Investment, Government 68.2

18. Generalized Model of Trade Dividing up the columns in this model, we have:

19. Consequences of A Change in Export Levels Through the Multiplier System

20. Shifts in the Structure of This System of Multipliers over Time Local purchases expand as thresholds are crossed Continued specialization offsets threshold effects  Upshot: relative stability Shift to a larger service economy Spatial shifts due to lowered transport and interaction costs

21. Export Markets – Washington State Source: Washington State Input-Output Tables

22. Composition of Washington Exports Source: Washington State Input-Output Tables

23. Old Slide after this one Left in PowerPoint file for those interested in history

24. Washington I/O Table ($ billions) Net industrial exports are roughly offset by imports to industries and categories of final demand (households, investment, and state and local governments) Industrial Exports Industrial Imports Net Industrial Exports: 155.9-110.9 = 45.0 Imports to Consumption & Other F.D. 49.1