1. Synthesis of Radiation-Resistant Multifunctional Materials G. Oniashvili, G. Zakharov, Z. Aslamazashvili, M. Chikhradze F. Tavadze Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science

2. The purpose of work Receiving boron containing multipurpose, including nano-structural, radiation-resistant materials and product. The goal was reached by means of SHS technology in the following independent technological directions: 1. SHS - compaction in a mode of burning and in a mode of thermal explosion were received: new without porous monolithic ceramic-metal resistant to dynamic blows, and also gradiyentny from two and more (with regulated) thickness of layers materials and products from them 2. SHS - under atmospheric conditions were received: porous, heat-resistant and heat resisting composite materials and products from them. 3. SHS – cast in the field of mass forces were received: ligatures in system of glands- pine forests, nickel - pine forest As a restorer were used aluminum alloy with the magnesium, received from production wastes

3. 1. SHS -compaction A. On fig. 1 and 2 is presented appearance and structure ceramic-metal material on a basis nitride – boride of the titan and, with the following characteristics: - Inexpensive ~ 50$/kg - Ultrafine with the sizes of particles <1 microns - Partially nanostructural <100 nanometers Fig. 1 Metal-ceramic material on a basis nitride –boride of the Titanium

4. SpectrumIn stats.NTi 1Yes47.652.4 2Yes47.252.8 3Yes50.149.9 Mean48.351.7 Std. deviation1.6 SpectrumIn stats.BTi 4Yes6 6. 5 3 3. 5 5Yes6 6. 7 3 3. 2 Mean6 6. 6 3 3. 4 Std. deviation0. 2 Processing option: nitrogen by difference All results in atomic % Fig. 2. Microstructure and distribution of elements in phases of the received metal-ceramic material on a basis nitride – boride of the titanium

5. - One of the layer is nanostructure ≤100 nmTiAl or Ti 3 Al; - The other layer is metal-ceramic material on the base of Ti-B or Ti-C- B-Me system - the thickness and quantity of layers are adjustable B. On fig. 3 and 4 is presented appearance and structure of a composite graded material consisting of two layers: Fig. 3. Graded two-layer metal-ceramic material on the left TiAl and TiB, on the right Ti 3 Al and TiC+ TiB

6. Fig. 4. Microstructure of the border of phases Ti 3 Al (left) and TiB 0,6 ( right)

7. 2. SHS – Under atmospheric conditions On fig. 5 are presented a different geometrical form of porous composite material consisting of mutually - the mixed phases CrB- Al 2 O 3 which is received from cheap oxides and metal restorer. - the gas permeability, regulated - from -1-to the 400 cond. units - general porosity (П, %) - 55-60 - diameter of porous d п Max., a micron - 45 - heat resistance (there is no oxidation) - 1300 – 1400 о С - thermal stability heating up to 1000 о С and cooling in water at 20 о С about With - more than 30 cycles -

8. Fig. 5 Composite material with adjustable porosity

9. Some technical and economic indicators and results of the carried-out researches (presented in tables No. 1 and 2) in the following systems: 1. B – Fe – Al-Mg – O; 2. B - Fe –Al- Mg – H – O; 3. B – Fe – Al-Mg – K – F – O; 4. B – Ni – Al-Mg – K – F – O. 3. SHS- cast in the field of mass forces

10. MethodExtraction of boron, % Electric power consumption, KV/H Impurity liquation on height and cross section of sample, % Ferro-boron nickel-boron Industrial Aluminum thermal method 50 -70 45-55 520 - 600 Si, P, Cu 25 - 35 SHS method 60 - 72 65 - 75 10 - 20 --- table. 1 table. 2 System Experimental conditionsInitial quantity of Boron in chasm, gr withdrawal of alloy, gr X-ray analysis Boron quantity in the final product, gr. Extractio n of boron, % Gravitatio nal coefficient, a/g argon. pressure MPa theoretic al exp. 1 0 1,0 8,01 36,4 27,0 FeB 4,43 55,31 2 1000 1,0 6,31 32,7 25,5FeB~60% Fe 2 B~40% 4,21 66,7 3 1000 3,0 4,26 26,1 21,2Fe 2 B~60% FeB~40% 2,93 68,7 4 1000 3,0 3,44 23,6 21,8Mg 2,99 Ni 7,52 B 6 2,48 72,1

11. Из таблицы № 1 следует, что в системе № 3 полученный ферробор соответствует промышленному марки ФВ-2, а в системе №4 полученный материал соответстуюет промышленному никель-бору марки НВ-1 ( по содержанию бора в конечном продукуте), а из таблицы 2 видно, что по извлечению бора CВС – способ превышает алюминотермическому методу получения лигатур. From the table No. 1 follows that in system No. 3 the received ferroboron corresponds industrial the ФВ-2 mark, and in system No. 4 the received material corresponds industrial НВ-1 brand nickel-Boron (according to the content of boron in final product), and table 2 shows that as for boron extraction, SHS method exceeds to an Aluminum thermal method of receiving ligatures.

12. By experiments it is established that in each technological direction can be obtained powder, cast, compacts (including graded nanostructural), metal- ceramic- materials resistant to dynamic blows, containing boron isotope 10 В ; it is established that under atmospheric conditions it is possible to receive porous, heat-resistant and heat resisting composite materials, thus, it is possible to change gas permeability from 400 conditional units to 1. Manufacturing of products in the form of cylinders, plugs, glasses, plates and construction elements is possible, thus losses of boron is no more than 1 %. replacement of boron containing raw materials by raw materials an including isotope 10 В, doesn't influence technological parameters of synthesis and quality of a material As a restorer were used aluminum alloy with the magnesium, received from production wastes Results

13. Thank you for attention