1. Other Social Movements Chapter 30

2. Background to the Women’s Movement Feminism Increased employment and education during the 1950’s and 1960’s Expected to only work a short time and then start a family Paid less than men for the same jobs Civil Rights Movement Civil Rights Act of 1964 Women’s Groups Betty Friedan’s the Feminine Mystique National Organization of Women (NOW)

3. Women’s Movement (cont.) Impact of Feminism Literary Ms. Magazine – Gloria Steinham Roe v. Wade (1973) – legalized abortion The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA); didn’t pass Opposition to the Women’s Movement Men want traditional roles African American women focused on civil rights rather than women’s rights

4. Ethnic Minorities Seek Equality Latinos Cesar Chavez United Farm Workers (UFW) Boycotts Help for farm workers (migrant) Asians Japanese American Citizens League (JACL) Legislation that compensated those who were in camps in WWII Hawaii – statehood – pride for Asian Americans

5. Native American Struggles Not citizens until 1924 High rates of unemployment, alcoholism, and suicide The American Indian Movement (AIM) Wanted autonomy – self govt. Occupation of Alcatraz (abandoned prison), failed Wounded Knee – site of 1890 massacre of Sioux AIM took over village to draw attention to issues Violence; broken up Indian Education Act; Indian Self- Determination Act (1970’s)

6. Environmental Movement Rachel Carson- Silent Spring DDT (pesticide) & destruction of species; harm to humans Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC); insured safety at sites Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Clean Air Act (1970) Clean Water Act (1972) The Consumer Movement Ralph Nader – dangers of cars – “coffins on wheels” Nader’s Raiders – reformers Motor Vehicle Safety Act Wholesome Meat Act