1. Elizabeth Pyatt, ITS accessibilityweb@psu.edu See Notes panel for image ALT tags MathML (& LaTeX) Workflow 2015

2. Thanks To….  Jennifer Babb (EMS Dutton)  Mike Brooks (World Campus)  Stevie Rocco (EMS Dutton)  Alexa Schriempf (TLT Accessibility)  Stan Smith (Eberly College of Science)  Sonya Woods (World Campus)  Christian Vinten-Johansen (TLT Accessibility)  Sites & ANGEL Support

3. A Commonly Used Equation Standard Deviation (Statistics)

4. Why MathML Matters  Allows equation to be maintained as text  Enables quick edits, better zoom  Preserves semantic structure  Screen reader can navigate to parts of an equation  Blessed by  W3C (host of standard), MathJax (AMS/SIAM)  MIT and others  AMS, APS, ACS, IEEE, …  Apple, Wolfram, MathWorks, Design Science, ….  Elsevier, AIP Publishing

5. What IS MathML?  Markup Language  Specifically an XML language  Looks like HTML with different tags  E=mc 2 (Einstein) E = m c 2

6. Critical MathML Jargon  Namespace (Usually choose)  Where spec is hosted on W3C  Include Link to xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML in initial MATH taghttp://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML  Which version?  Use version 2.0 with name space  M-Namespace (Avoid)  A variant by Microsoft  Same MathML tags prefixed by “m:”  Don’t use unless someone needs it.

7. M Name Space code (just for kicks) E = m c 2

8. MathJax & MathPlayer  MathJax  An open source JavaScript Library  Enables consistent rendering of MathML across browsers  e.g. Chrome MUST use MathJax  MathPlayer  Plugin for I.E., specifically  MathPlayer 3 on IE 9 OR  MathPlayer 4 Beta on IE 10+  Older versions of MathPlayer required M- namespace MathML

9. Creating MathML  NOT by handcoding!  Use  Equation Editor  MathType (Mac/Windows)  WIRIS http://www.wiris.com/editor/demo/en/mathml- latex.html WIRIS http://www.wiris.com/editor/demo/en/mathml- latex.html  MathMagic (Mac)  Others….

10. Equation Editor Palette

11. LaTeX (LaTeχ)  An offshoot of TeX (Donald Knuth) created by Leslie Lamport  Math equations and formatted text  Examples  E=mc 2 is E = mc^2  e iπ = -1 is e^{i \pi} & = -1  Standard Deviation  \sigma = \sqrt{\frac{1}{N-1} \sum_{i=1}^N (x_i - \overline{x})^2}

12. Why not just use LaTeX?  Screen reader support non-existent  Syntax is not as rich as MathML  What about LaTeX with MathJax?  It only works with IE/JAWS on IE 9  VoiceOver (Mac/iPhone) cannot process results  BUT…don’t get rid of LaTeX  Still a great tool for print/short hand  Easily converts to MathML

13. How to Implement MathML  Store equation in LaTeX or Equation Editor  Convert to MathML for Web or Office  Office Equation editor does NOT do MathML  Beware  Remove display=“block” if you need to embed in a sentence  Add a link to MathJax  Manually (Web Page, ANGEL, CMS)  Plugin (Sites @ Penn State)

14. 2 MathJax Links Supports MathML or LaTeX  Open site (http://)  Password Prorected (https://)  Prevents Firefox complaints  See MathJaxMathJax  http://docs.mathjax.org/en/latest/start.html http://docs.mathjax.org/en/latest/start.html

15. Visual Browser Support BrowserComments Firefox 3+Excellent support SafariQuirky, newer versions better IE 9Use MathPlayer 3 w Namespace MathML IE 11 (10 buggy)Use MathPlayer 4 w/MathJax ChromeOnly with MathJax iOS SafariQuirky with MathJax

16. Screen Reader Support http://www.dessci.com/en/solutions/access/atsupport.htm http://www.maths-informatique- jeux.com/blog/frederic/?post/2015/05/06/MathML-Accessibility http://www.dessci.com/en/solutions/access/atsupport.htm http://www.maths-informatique- jeux.com/blog/frederic/?post/2015/05/06/MathML-Accessibility Screen ReaderComments JAWS 16+MathJax w/ IE11 or Firefox (MathPlayer?) JAWS 15IE 9 w/ MathPlayer 3 VoiceOverBetter without MathJax NVDAUse MathPlayer 4 / Firefox iOS SafariQuirky with MathJax (better without)

17. Let’s Demo this  MathType  Create Equation  Set Copy (i.e. export) preferences  HTML page  Export code from editor  Add link to MathJax in HEAD  Sites at Penn State  Enable MathJax plugin  Set configuration to TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML  Paste code in code view between [mathjax] tags

18. Instructions  http://accessibility.psu.edu/math/mathml/ http://accessibility.psu.edu/math/mathml/

19. Equation Editor Palette

20. MathType Copy Preferences

21. CSS Support  Good for enlarging default or color coding parts of equation  can target MATH, MFRAC, MSQRT…  Enlarge w/MathJax   MathJax & CSS quirky, hence inline style or custom class  Enlarge w/MathJax in Sites  Need to customize plugin CSS classes  MathJax_Display {font-size 1.25em}

22. Sites MathJax Plugin

23. Plugin Settings  Set Configuration: “ TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML”  Force load: Check if many pages have MathML  Custom Location: Use https:// URL if password protected

24. Sites Editor Text Mode (code)  [mathjax]   E = 2 π h c 2  …   [mathjax]

25. LMS  ANGEL (in HTML source view)  Add MathML + Link to MathJax link in HTML view  Use https:// link  Canvas  No direct MathML support (Sigh). BUT  Use native equation editor. Can insert LaTeX  MathML read to screen readers only (buggy)

26. ANGEL (HTML Editor Code View)

27. ANGEL MathML Page

28. Canvas Equation Editor 1

29. Canvas Equation Editor 2

30. Final Canvas MathType Notes  Remove extra marks in red as needed  E.g. \[….\]  Design Science MathType Help  http://www.dessci.com/en/products/mathty pe/works_with.asp http://www.dessci.com/en/products/mathty pe/works_with.asp  Select platform/app from menu

31. Links!  MathML Accessibility (v 2.0) http://sites.psu.edu/accessibility/mathml/ MathML Accessibility http://sites.psu.edu/accessibility/mathml/  MathJax (works with MathML) http://www.mathjax.org / MathJax http://www.mathjax.org /  STIX Font  Download/Sourceforge: https://sourceforge.net/projects/stixfonts Download/Sourceforge: https://sourceforge.net/projects/stixfonts  Info: http://www.stixfonts.org/ Info: http://www.stixfonts.org/  MathML  Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MathML Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MathML  W3C MathML 2: http://www.w3.org/TR/MathML2/ W3C MathML 2: http://www.w3.org/TR/MathML2/