1. Is a type or part of … Is a member of this group … …

2. THING Is about … Important feature of thing

3. Tactics used in industry to achieve change Is about … Tactics that labor and management use against each other THING Tactics management can use against labor Hire strikebreakers - replacement workers known as scabs Lockout-close the doors & keep workers until they agree Injunctions- getting the courts to order workers back to work Open shop-workers can work without joining the union Tactics labor can use against management Closed shop- a business closed to nonunion workers Boycott-refusal to buy a product or service Picketing- a way informing the public about conditions Strike-refusal to work until demands are met Labor Relations Consultant Hired by employers wanting to maintain good relations Often serve as a link between workers & management Often work with human resources employees Long-term or short-term work depends on needs of co. © 2004 Edwin Ellis www.GraphicOrganizers.com

4. © 2004 Edwin Ellis Graphicorganizers.com Is about … ACTIONS people take because of the thing IMPACT of this thing on the world Factors that INFLUENCED this thing to be formed So what? What is important to understand about this? THING

5. © 2004 Edwin Ellis Graphicorganizers.com A bridge built in Tacoma, Washington in 1940. Is about … Leon Moisseiff planned to build a bridge across the Puget Sound, to connect the port of Tacoma to the Olympic Peninsula. The bridge would cut travel to the Olympic Peninsula by an hour. In 1840 no one had ever built a bridge that long ACTIONS people take because of the thing IMPACT of this thing on the world Factors that INFLUENCED this thing to be formed After completion, designers knew there was something unusual about the bridge—it moved more than most suspension bridges. It opened on July 1 st, 1940 Driving across the bridge was like riding a roller coaster. The bridge was nicknamed: Galloping Gertie On Nov. 7 th, 1940, winds were blowing at 43 mph, & having a strong effect on the bridge. The bridge’s gentle rolling turned violent & it began to twist back and forth. At 11:10 in the morning the first section fell into the Puget Sound. Moisseiff planed to build a bridge 72 times longer than it was wide; he developed his plan based on studies of the traffic in the Tacoma area. Professor F. B. Farquharson, a wind expert at the University of Washington helped to design the bridge. He placed models of the bridge in wind tunnels to test the design. Wind tunnels were a new invention at the time. The long two land bridge was much lighter than a four lane of the same length, making it roll and tilt Tacoma Narrows Bridge So what? What is important to understand about this? Fortunately no human lives were lost when Galloping Gertie fell apart. The bridge fell because it was so long & narrow, the design called for metal strips called plate girders instead of heavy trusses, and the wind tunnel testing had not been sufficient. Moisseiff accepted the blame for the disaster, but many problems occurred because science galloped ahead of safety. THING

6. Is about … © 2004 Edwin Ellis Graphicorganizers.com So what? What is important to understand about this thing? ALWAYS Words that always describe this thing OR actions resulting from it SOMETIMES Words that sometimes describe this thing OR actions resulting from it NEVER Words that never describe this thing OR actions resulting from it

7. Is about … Copyright 2003 Edwin Ellis Graphicorganizers.com The Sun The Center of our Solar System So what? What is important to understand about this? The Sun is a star, the center of the solar system, and important for life on earth. ALWAYS Stays in the same place Gives us energy Helps some part of the earth A star Hot SOMETIMES It disappears Day & Night We cannot see the sun during the day Solar Eclipse Stormy Weather It seems hotter Seasonal changes Makes the clouds colorful NEVER Moves Is close to the earth Cold A planet Safe to look directly at the sun

8. Is about … BEFORE … AFTER … ALWAYS Words that always describe this topic SOMETIMES Words that sometimes describe this topic NEVER Words that never describe this topic ALWAYS Words that always describe this topic SOMETIMES Words that sometimes describe this topic NEVER Words that never describe this topic What caused the things to change?

9. Is about … BEFORE … AFTER … The female butterfly lays about 500 eggsIn the spring Takes 3 to 5 days for the eggs to hatch The egg must become a caterpillar/larva, and chrysalis/pupa before becoming a butterfly ALWAYS Words that always describe this topic Stormy weather, and other disasters keep eggs from hatching The larva stage can last 12 to 18 days SOMETIMES Words that sometimes describe this topic Eggs will not hatch if the environment is unhealthy Allow kids and adults to over handle the caterpillar or chrysalis NEVER Words that never describe this topic 4-winged adult lives 2 weeks uses proboscis to eat nectar 3 main body parts 6 legs female lays eggs so cycle continues ALWAYS Words that always describe this topic The adult butterfly does not live for 2 weeks Nature and people cause the butterfly to live a shorter life SOMETIMES Words that sometimes describe this topic Develop without going through each cycle Live a healthy life if people disturb their homes Live much longer than 2 weeks NEVER Words that never describe this topic What caused the things to change? A process called metamorphosis caused each change to take place Butterflies The METAMORPHOSIS of Butterflies

10. Basic features of the THING … Actions people take because of the thing THING Knowledge Connections This thing makes you think of …Because … Why some people value the thing PROBLEMS the thing was designed to solve Why some people don’t value the thing Limitations of’ the thing

11. Basic features of the THING … Twice a day the instruments in the weather shack are read & recorded, & info sent to a National Climatic Data Centers, monthly Actions people take because of the thing Weather Shack THING It serves as a weather station for gathering data in remote locations Knowledge Connections This thing makes you think of …Because … When my family was forced to raise a litter of orphaned puppies It happened during the summer and we had to plan all our activities around the puppy feeding schedule. Many people who participate in the Weather Station project have done so for generations It is not unusual for a family to record data for a hundred years or more passing the job down from family member to family member Why some people value the thing PROBLEMS the thing was designed to solve Weather patterns Weather predictability Running Records of highs and lows over long periods of time Upkeep of the shack and the instruments can be a hassle Checking the instruments each day at the same time restricts the activities of the family The monthly report to the National Climatic Data Center takes several min. Why some people don’t value the thing The weather conditions being reported are for a limited geographical area Human error when reading or recording findings from the instruments can cause incorrect data reporting Limitations of’ the thing

12. Knowledge Connections THING Semantic Comparisons © 2004 Edwin Ellis www.GraphicOrganizers.com FEATURES EXAMPLE NON-EXAMPLE IS LIKE … FEATURES EXAMPLE NON-EXAMPLE IS LIKE Is a type or part of… Is a member of this group … Is a type or part of… Is a member of this group … Thing

13. THING Semantic Map © 2004 Edwin Ellis Is a type or part of … Is a member of this group … Key things to remember about this thing Is important because … Draw a picture about the thing Is like … THING

14. ∂ 2004 Edwin Ellis www.GraphicOrganizers.com ITEM #1ITEM #2 SameDifferent Problem thing was designed to solve Function (how used) Effectiveness Limitations (short-comings) Impact DifferentName:

15. Specific information about what happened This thingCaused this to happen How and/or Why? Specific information about this thing What was the item’s / idea’s positive or negative impact on the world?

16. WHO? Probably view it this way … Probably view it this way … THING Why? PERSPECTIVES on a thing

17. Thing REAL world connections © 2004 Edwin Ellis www.GraphicOrganizers.com Reasoning … A nalyze reactions Specific actions this thing is about R eveal key features Gist of why this thing is notable Why we SHOULD value this idea Ways people have reacted NEGATIVELY to this thing AND / OR Why we should NOT value this thing Ways people have reacted POSITIVELY to this thing L ist background knowledge or experiences related to this thing Policy E valuate this idea’s value to our world