2. Protons, Neutron, and Electrons Jeremy Fisher Nicole Schaeffer Spring 2003

3. Protons A particle having a positive electrical charge e+ A particle having a positive electrical charge e+ Every atomic nucleus contains protons Every atomic nucleus contains protons For more information hit the link http://www.neutron.anl.gov/hyper- physics/proton.html For more information hit the link http://www.neutron.anl.gov/hyper- physics/proton.html http://www.neutron.anl.gov/hyper- physics/proton.html http://www.neutron.anl.gov/hyper- physics/proton.html Protons are equal to the atomic number Protons are equal to the atomic number

4. Neutrons Neutrons are neutrally charged particles within the atomic nucleus Neutrons are neutrally charged particles within the atomic nucleus They were discovered by James Chadwick in 1932 They were discovered by James Chadwick in 1932 In a nuclear accelerator they determined that neutrons are formed by quarks, one up and two down In a nuclear accelerator they determined that neutrons are formed by quarks, one up and two downquarks Are equal to the atomic mass subtracted by the atomic number Are equal to the atomic mass subtracted by the atomic number

5. Electrons Are negatively charge particles that encompasses the atomic nuclei e- Are negatively charge particles that encompasses the atomic nuclei e- Were discovered by J.J. Thomson. Were discovered by J.J. Thomson. Are also equal to the atomic number unless the atom is an ion such as a –1, -2, -3… Are also equal to the atomic number unless the atom is an ion such as a –1, -2, -3…

6. Example Helium has an atomic # of 2 and a atomic mass of 4.00 g/mol # of Protons = 2 (atomic #) # of Neutrons = 2 (Mass#- Atomic# 4.00-2.00= 2.00) 4.00-2.00= 2.00) # of electrons = 2 (atomic #)

7. Diagram on Finding Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons http://www.lcusd.net/lchs/jwalters/determinin g.html http://www.lcusd.net/lchs/jwalters/determinin g.html

8. Lets take a Quiz The number of protons, neutrons, electrons of Magnesium the atom # is 12 and the atomic mass is 24. The number of protons, neutrons, electrons of Magnesium the atom # is 12 and the atomic mass is 24. 12, 12, 12 12, 24, 12 1,2,1

9. That is an incorrect answer The answer to the question was 12,12,12 Reason: Atomic number –12 Mass number- 24 Number of neutrons- 12 Next ? Next ?

10. Question #2 How many Protons are in Uranium if it has an atomic number of 92 and an atomic mass of 238? 238 310 92

11. That is an incorrect answer The answer to that question was 92 because that is the atomic number of 92 equals the number protons. The answer to that question was 92 because that is the atomic number of 92 equals the number protons. Next ? Next ?

12. Question # 3 What is the number of Neutrons of the Element Mercury (Hg) if it has an atomic number of 80 and an atomic mass of 201? What is the number of Neutrons of the Element Mercury (Hg) if it has an atomic number of 80 and an atomic mass of 201?80201121

13. That is an incorrect answer For the element of Mercury (Hg) you take the atomic mass which is 201 and subtract from it the atomic number which has a value of 80. For the element of Mercury (Hg) you take the atomic mass which is 201 and subtract from it the atomic number which has a value of 80.Example: 201- 80= 121 Next Slide Next Slide

14. Work Consulted http://www.lcusd.net/lchs/jwalters/determinin g.html http://www.lcusd.net/lchs/jwalters/determinin g.html http://www.neutron.anl.gov/hyper- physics/proton.html http://www.neutron.anl.gov/hyper- physics/proton.html http://education.jlab.org/glossary/quark.html www- istp.gsfc.nasa.gov/Education/welect.htm l www- istp.gsfc.nasa.gov/Education/welect.htm l

15. The End This is the end of the tutorial on how to find the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons I hope you enjoyed it.