1. interview w/ former Senator Warren Rudman (R – NH) 1. According to the interviewer, what is the reason the US has been attacked? We help oppressive governments (ex Egypt) so we become the enemy of the people as well as their own oppressive govt.

2. Does this viewpoint coincide with any themes you have learned about in World History? ( your answer should reflect knowledge from this article and knowledge from what you have learned in class this year) (MINIMUM 1 well written paragraph) HHHHMMMMMM???????

3. 3. Within the first 5 paragraphs : summarize his ideas on why America is hated in the Middle East. (be specific – at least 1 paragraph) Read interview of Nabeel Musawi (Iraqi dissident and political liaison for London based Iraqi National Congress) 3. Within the first 5 paragraphs : summarize his ideas on why America is hated in the Middle East. (be specific – at least 1 paragraph) While America declares its support for democracy and human rights …….. American officials support corrupt regimes in the Mid E. that have no sympathy for any democratic notion in their countries. They have no notion of support in any kind of human rights for their own people.

4. 3. cont….Why America is Hated But they see Americans appeasing them So they view this as an act of hostility towards the people of these countries. Can You Say HYPOCRISY ????

5. 4. According to Musawi, what would happen to the governments in the Middle East if the US withdrew their support? Why would it happen? (complete answer may not be in reading – have to think) Because it's always been American policy [to support] regimes that they know if they pull the plug on them, they'll fall. It's as simple as that. If they pull the plug on their support of the Kuwaitis or the Saudis, they won't be able to survive for two years in power.

6. consider this scenario: the US withdraws its military and economic support from 5 major governments in the Middle East. Within two years, America’s greatest fear comes true: Islamic militants takeover all 5 countries. Some media sources begin to spread panic that the supply of oil to the US, Europe, and Japan will be cut off. #5: According to Musawi, what would happen to the oil supply to America and other major nations that depend on oil from the Middle East ? (explain his view and reasoning behind it) But you see, people in the region can't drink oil. They have to sell it. And it is the world that consumes it. It's as simple as that.

7. 5. cont… Having democracy there does not prevent you from getting the oil.... What are we going to do with the oil buried underground? We need the money. We need your money. And you need our oil. It's a simple exchange....

8. 6. From excerpt April 1995: Summarize bin Laden’s feelings about his goals in fighting against the Soviet invasion of the 1980’s. "To counter these atheist Russians, the Saudis chose me as their representative in Afghanistan... I did not fight against the communist threat while forgetting the peril from the West." "For us, the idea was not to get involved more than necessary in the fight against the Russians, which was the business of the Americans, but rather to show our solidarity with our Islamist brothers.

9. 6. cont. I discovered that it was not enough to fight in Afghanistan, but that we had to fight on all fronts against communist or Western oppression. The urgent thing was communism, but the next target was America... This is an open war up to the end, until victory."

10. 7. Read August 3, 1995: Identify and explain a connection between this excerpt and what you learned about the Persian Gulf War against Iraq in 1991 Bin Laden issues a communiqué called "an Open Letter to King Fahd." He outlines major grievances against the Saudi regime: lack of commitment to Sunni Islam, inability to conduct viable defense policy, the squandering of public funds and oil money,

11. 7. cont.. and the dependence on non-Muslims for protection. He calls for a campaign of guerilla attacks to drive U.S. forces out of the Saudi Kingdom.

12. 8. Read August 23, 1996: Who does he call on to fight the Americans? (and why them? ) How should they fight? Who: Muslims (sons of the nation / NOT the state military Why: b/c the state is too small or not committed enough How: guerilla war; fast moving, light forces, secrecy