1. Major Ecosystems of the World Chapter 6 Key Topics 1.Fire 2.Biomes 3.Aquatic Ecosytems

2. Fire Fire Triangle? Fires Impact? Which biomes burn regularly? Current state of affairs? Crown Vs. Ground? Prescribed Burning?

3. Arizona Wallo Wildfire 2011 500K plus acres!  Ponderosa Pine  Timber Operations  Smoky the Bear  Drought  4FRI  20-50 trees Vs. 500-1K

4. Earth’s Major Biomes

5. Arizona Biomes

6. Earth’s Major Biomes Vertical Zonation: The Distribution of Vegetation on Mountains

7. Earth’s Major Biomes Type of biome controlled by temperature and precipitation 9 Major Biomes 1.Temperate Rain Forest 2.Tropical Rain Forest 3.Temperate Deciduous 4.Boreal/Taiga 5.Tundra 6.Chaparral 7.Deserts 8.Savannah (equatorial) 9.Temperate Grasslands

8. Primary Forest

9. Aquatic Ecosystems Divisions: ① Degree of Salt ② DO ③ Light Penetration ④ Nutrients ⑤ Temperature ⑥ Wave action Important Terms ① Phytoplankton ② Zooplankton ③ Nekton ④ Benthos ⑤ Detritus ⑥ Eutrophication

10. Aquatic Ecosystems Headwaters Tend to be narrow, swift, clear, cold, nutrient poor, and highly oxygenated Tend to be wide, slow, cloudy, warm, nutrient rich, and less oxygenated

11. Oxbow Lakes & Deltas

12. Aquatic Ecosystems Freshwater Ecosystems Lakes and Ponds Highly productive, high species richness - sunlight penetration / rooted plants Photosynthetically productive - upper surface with light penetration

13. Aquatic Ecosystems Freshwater Ecosystems Lakes and Ponds Not always present; anaerobic, dominated by decomposers - below light penetration

14. Thermocline - lakes Freshwater Ecosystems Thermal stratification in temperate lakes Point of change between warm surface & cold depths

15. Turnover in Lakes Nutrients! Spring Turnover - Melting Ice (4 0 C) & wind Fall Turnover - cooling surface water & wind

16. Wetlands - Marshes and Swamps Highly productive Anaerobic Filters pollution Flood Control Recharging Centers Highly Threatened Ecosystem Services

17. Estuaries  Salt Marshes  Mangrove Forests

18. Case-in-Point: The Everglades

19. Case-in-Point: The Chesapeake Bay Ecosystem Service

20. Marine Zones Marine Provinces 1.Neritic 2.Oceanic 3.Pelagic 4.Benthic

21. Photo Benthic Photo Benthic Environment 1) Sea grasses 2) Kelp forests 3) Coral reefs

22. Abyssal *Marine Snow