1. [Alley, 2013] Student Slides: Flipping the Classroom The Craft of Scientific Presentations Michael Alley College of Engineering Pennsylvania State University

2. audience purpose In preparing a scientific talk, what three constraints should you analyze? occasion In preparing a scientific talk, you should analyze audience, purpose, and occasion

3. In preparing a scientific presentation, what are the important questions to ask about audience? audience What do they know about your work? Why your work will interest them?

4. [Alley, 2013] Successfully communicating your work is akin to leading the audience up your mountain of work * Where to begin? How to organize? How much detail to give? [USGS, 2004] How to emphasize?

5. [Alley, 2013] The scope and depth of a talk are interwoven because only so much time exists to give details unknown Scope Depth

6. [Alley, 2013] Success involves defining a valuable scope and a satisfying depth unknown Valuable Satisfying

7. [Alley, 2013] From your experience, what is a common problem associated with scope and depth in a scientific talk? unknown Valuable Satisfying

8. [Alley, 2013] Many scientific talks fail because the scope is too broad Scope Unsatisfying depth

9. [Alley, 2013] From your experience, what is another common problem associated with scope and depth in a scientific talk? unknown Valuable Satisfying

10. [Alley, 2013] Many scientific talks fail because the depth is too deep unknown Too narrow Overwhelming

11. [Alley, 2013] An important part of the beginning is selecting an appropriate entry point [TED.com]

12. [Alley, 2013]

13. What kind of entry point did Rachel Perini choose and what purpose did it serve? For her entry point, Rachel made a personal connection that generated interest and established authority Personal story

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15. What kind of entry point did Kate Waskiw choose and what purpose did it serve? Statistics For her entry point, Kate used statistics to make the problem real for the audience

16. [Alley, 2013]

17. What kind of entry point did Mimi Overbaugh choose and what purpose did it serve? Example For her entry point, Mimi used an example to make the audience care about the problem

18. [Alley, 2013] [www. TED.com]

19. [Alley, 2013] What kind of entry point did Ballard choose and what purpose did it serve? [TED.com] Rhetorical question and statistic For his entry point, Ballard provided a rhetorical question and a powerful statistic

20. Read Memorized Planned, practiced, but fashioned on the spot Impromptu

21. [TED, 2008] What are the advantages and disadvantages of memorizing in a scientific presentation? Memorizing can be effective for short portions of talks such as first and last sentences

22. [Stanford, 2005] What are the advantages and disadvantages of reading in a scientific presentation? Reading is sometimes necessary when the audience will scrutinize every word

23. [Wired, 2009] What are the advantages and disadvantages of speaking impromptu in a scientific presentation? While not the approach to choose for a planned talk, speaking impromptu is an important skill

24. [Dr. Cheryl Hayashi, TED.com] What are the advantages and disadvantages of fashioning words on spot after planning and practice? To show ownership of the ideas, the best speakers in engineering and science fashion sentences on the spot [TED, 2010]