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The Cell Cycle A Review What is the Cell Cycle? The time and activities that take place from one cell division to the next Or From cell “birth” to cell.

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Presentation on theme: "The Cell Cycle A Review What is the Cell Cycle? The time and activities that take place from one cell division to the next Or From cell “birth” to cell."— Presentation transcript:

1

2 The Cell Cycle A Review

3 What is the Cell Cycle? The time and activities that take place from one cell division to the next Or From cell “birth” to cell “death” Alternation between Interphase and Mitosis

4 A look at the cell cycle

5 Components Interphase (G1, S, G2) and Mitosis (M) Gap 1: birth to DNA replication Synthesis: DNA duplication Gap 2: gap before mitosis Mitosis: nuclear division (followed by cytokinesis)

6 Mitosis: The steps Prophase Prometaphase* Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis* *extensions from the “PMAT” skeleton of mitosis

7 Prophase Chromatin Chromatin condenses into Chromosomes Sister chromatids Sister chromatids attached at centromere centromere Nuclear envelope still present

8 Prometaphase Nuclear envelope disappears Sister chromatids clearly visible and attach to spindle via kinetochorekinetochore

9 Metaphase Chromosomes align at metaphase plate metaphase plate Homologous pairs align SEPARATELY

10 Anaphase Sister chromatids sever at centromere V-shaped chromatids Movement toward opposite poles

11 Telophase Two visible sets of chromosomes Nuclear envelope reforms

12 Cytokinesis Cell division: cytoplasm divides Formation of new cell membrane Cytokinesis vs. Interphase: Chromosomes still visible

13 Textbook Reference Materials Chapter 4 second Edition Title: The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

14 Glossary Chromatin: undifferentiated mass of thread-like DNA/protein in cell nucleus during interphase Chromosomes: self-replicating structures in cells; contains DNA; visible during Prophase of mitosis

15 Glossary cont. Sister chromatids: duplicated IDENTICAL chromosomes attached at centromere after Synthesis Centromere: condensed region of a chromosome Kinetochore: protein structure at centromere that acts as molecular “motor for chromatids

16 Glossary Cont. Metaphase plate: imaginary equatorial line midway between cell poles

17 Selected Web Sites http://www.cellsalive.com/ cell cycle mitosis http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tut orials/cell_cycle/problems.html test yourself

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