1. Molecular Compounds SNC2D

2. Sometimes non-metals don’t borrow electrons from metals to fill their last shell; instead, they get together and ?

3. Molecular Compounds Sometimes non-metals don’t borrow electrons from metals to fill their last shell; instead, they get together and share their electrons.

4. Molecular Compounds Since they are sharing valence electrons, the bond formed between the atoms is called ?

5. Molecular Compounds Since they are sharing valence electrons, the bond formed between the atoms is called covalent.

6. Molecular Compounds Since they are sharing valence electrons, the bond formed between the atoms is called covalent. These compounds can be represented using Lewis dot diagrams: e.g.

7. Molecular Compounds Or, more commonly, by Kekulé diagrams, where each electron shared is represented by a line connecting the chemical symbols, e.g.:

8. Molecular Compounds Example:

9. Example:

10. Multiple Bonds The sharing of more than one electron is represented using more than one line, e.g.:

11. Multiple Bonds The sharing of more than one electron is represented using more than one line, e.g.: There is a double bond between the carbon atoms.

12. Naming Molecular Compounds The elements in the name are given prefixes corresponding to the subscripts (number of atoms) and the second element is given the suffix “-ide.” e.g.CO 2 is carbon dioxide

13. The Prefixes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

14. 1Mono-* 1Mono-* 2 3 4 5 6 7

15. The Prefixes 1Mono-* 1Mono-* 2Di- 2Di- 3 4 5 6 7

16. The Prefixes 1Mono-* 1Mono-* 2Di- 2Di- 3Tri- 3Tri- 4 5 6 7

17. The Prefixes 1Mono-* 1Mono-* 2Di- 2Di- 3Tri- 3Tri- 4Tetra- 4Tetra- 5 6 7

18. The Prefixes 1Mono-* 1Mono-* 2Di- 2Di- 3Tri- 3Tri- 4Tetra- 4Tetra- 5Penta- 5Penta- 6 7

19. The Prefixes 1Mono-* 1Mono-* 2Di- 2Di- 3Tri- 3Tri- 4Tetra- 4Tetra- 5Penta- 5Penta- 6Hexa- 6Hexa- 7

20. The Prefixes 1Mono-* 1Mono-* 2Di- 2Di- 3Tri- 3Tri- 4Tetra- 4Tetra- 5Penta- 5Penta- 6Hexa- 6Hexa- 7Hepta- 7Hepta-

21. The Prefixes 1Mono-* 1Mono-* 2Di- 2Di- 3Tri- 3Tri- 4Tetra- 4Tetra- 5Penta- 5Penta- 6Hexa- 6Hexa- 7Hepta- 7Hepta- * The 1 st element in the name never need a mono-

22. Examples OF 4 OF 4 N 2 O N 2 O Cl 2 O 7 Cl 2 O 7 iodine trichloride iodine trichloride diphosphorus pentoxide diphosphorus pentoxide sulphur hexaiodide sulphur hexaiodide

23. Examples OF 4 oxygen tetrafluoride OF 4 oxygen tetrafluoride N 2 O N 2 O Cl 2 O 7 Cl 2 O 7 iodine trichloride iodine trichloride diphosphorus pentoxide diphosphorus pentoxide sulphur hexaiodide sulphur hexaiodide

24. Examples OF 4 oxygen tetrafluoride OF 4 oxygen tetrafluoride N 2 Odinitrogen monoxide N 2 Odinitrogen monoxide Cl 2 O 7 Cl 2 O 7 iodine trichloride iodine trichloride diphosphorus pentoxide diphosphorus pentoxide sulphur hexaiodide sulphur hexaiodide

25. Examples OF 4 oxygen tetrafluoride OF 4 oxygen tetrafluoride N 2 Odinitrogen monoxide N 2 Odinitrogen monoxide Cl 2 O 7 dichlorine heptoxide Cl 2 O 7 dichlorine heptoxide iodine trichloride iodine trichloride diphosphorus pentoxide diphosphorus pentoxide sulphur hexaiodide sulphur hexaiodide

26. Examples OF 4 oxygen tetrafluoride OF 4 oxygen tetrafluoride N 2 Odinitrogen monoxide N 2 Odinitrogen monoxide Cl 2 O 7 dichlorine heptoxide Cl 2 O 7 dichlorine heptoxide iodine trichlorideICl 3 iodine trichlorideICl 3 diphosphorus pentoxide diphosphorus pentoxide sulphur hexaiodide sulphur hexaiodide

27. Examples OF 4 oxygen tetrafluoride OF 4 oxygen tetrafluoride N 2 Odinitrogen monoxide N 2 Odinitrogen monoxide Cl 2 O 7 dichlorine heptoxide Cl 2 O 7 dichlorine heptoxide iodine trichlorideICl 3 iodine trichlorideICl 3 diphosphorus pentoxideP 2 O 5 diphosphorus pentoxideP 2 O 5 sulphur hexaiodide sulphur hexaiodide

28. Examples OF 4 oxygen tetrafluoride OF 4 oxygen tetrafluoride N 2 Odinitrogen monoxide N 2 Odinitrogen monoxide Cl 2 O 7 dichlorine heptoxide Cl 2 O 7 dichlorine heptoxide iodine trichlorideICl 3 iodine trichlorideICl 3 diphosphorus pentoxideP 2 O 5 diphosphorus pentoxideP 2 O 5 sulphur hexaiodideSI 6 sulphur hexaiodideSI 6

29. Non-Conventional Names Some compounds are more commonly known by other names. e.g. NH 3 CH 4 H 2 O

30. Non-Conventional Names Some compounds are more commonly known by other names. e.g. NH 3 ammonia CH 4 H 2 O

31. Non-Conventional Names Some compounds are more commonly known by other names. e.g. NH 3 ammonia CH 4 methane H 2 O

32. Non-Conventional Names Some compounds are more commonly known by other names. e.g. NH 3 ammonia CH 4 methane H 2 Owater

33. The Diatomic Gases The elemental compounds like H 2, Cl 2, and O 2. are called diatomic gases and are called simply: name of element + “gas” e.g.H 2 Cl 2 O 2

34. The Diatomic Gases The elemental compounds like H 2, Cl 2, and O 2. are called diatomic gases and are called simply: name of element + “gas” e.g.H 2 hydrogen gas Cl 2 O 2

35. The Diatomic Gases The elemental compounds like H 2, Cl 2, and O 2. are called diatomic gases and are called simply: name of element + “gas” e.g.H 2 hydrogen gas Cl 2 chlorine gas O 2

36. The Diatomic Gases The elemental compounds like H 2, Cl 2, and O 2. are called diatomic gases and are called simply: name of element + “gas” e.g.H 2 hydrogen gas Cl 2 chlorine gas O 2 oxygen gas

37. Activity “Modelling Molecules” You need a handout and a modelling kit.