1. February 18, 2015
The rock cycle

2. The earth’s crust is made up of 3 types of rocks.

3. Type of Rock #1: IGNEOUS ROCK
Formed from the cooling of molten rock (magma and lava)
Under the Earth’s crust some rock has melted into magma
When the magma is ejected out of the Earth’s crust through a volcano, it is called lava
If magma cools and hardens beneath the Earth’s crust, it is considered plutonic igneous rock
If lava cools and hardens on the Earth’s surface it is called volcanic igneous rock
Plutonic igneous rock = intrusive
Volcanic igneous rock = extrusive

4. Type of Rock #2: SEDIMENTARY ROCK
Wind and water cause erosion to occur, breaking off pieces of rock and carrying them to a new location
The pieces of broken rock, along with sand, pebbles, shells and plant matter gather together
These gathered materials compress together into layers called sediment
Sedimentary rock is softer than igneous rock and often contains fossils
Most of the rock on the Earth is sedimentary

5. Rock Type #3: METAMORPHIC
Rocks deep within the Earth are put through intense heat and pressure
In time, this heat and pressure transform sedimentary and igneous rock into metamorphic rock
Example: Limestone (sedimentary) turns into marble (metamorphic)

6. Activity: The Rock Cycle
Components:
Processes:
Igneous
Melting
Sedimentary
Weathering & erosion
Metamorphic
Heat & pressure
Sediments
Cooling
Magma/Lava
Compaction & cementation