1. Life Cycle Assessment: automobile steel case study in Brazil Authors: Cássia Maria Lie Ugaya Arnaldo César da Silva Walter

2. Life cycle Aim and scope definition Inventory analysis Impact analysis Improvement

3. Product, process or activity identification Product, process or activity identification System definition Region and period Pollutants identification Functional unit Aim and scope definition Ugaya, C.M.L. and Walter, A.C.S.

4. Collect and store data Collect and store data Allocation Inventory Analysis Sensibility analysis

5. Ugaya, C.M.L. and Walter, A.C.S. Impact Analysis Classification Characterization Valoration

6. Ugaya, C.M.L. and Walter, A.C.S. Case study Preliminary evaluation LCA

7. Ugaya, C.M.L. and Walter, A.C.S. Preliminary evaluation Automobile life cycle Materials extraction Materials fabrication and automobile assembling Automobile use Discard (recycling) Industry action

8. Product, process or activity identification Product, process or activity identification System definition Region and period Pollutants identification Functional unit Aim and scope definition Ugaya, C.M.L. anda Walter, A.C.S.

9. Ugaya, C.M.L. and Walter, A.C.S. Product definition Steel in automobiles

10. Ugaya, C.M.L. and Walter, A.C.S. System definition Primary production Secondary production Use

11. Ugaya, C.M.L. and Walter, A.C.S. Region and period definition 1999

12. Ugaya, C.M.L. and Walter, A.C.S. Environmental aspects - Inputs Process Iron ore Scrap Fe Clay Mineral coal Biomass (coal) Diesel Fuel oil Electricity Water Manganese ore Dolomite Zinc Water

13. Ugaya, C.M.L. and Walter, A.C.S. Environmental aspects - Outputs Process Air Particulate matter NH 3 CO 2 CO NO x HC SO x MnO SiO 2 P 2 O 5 Pb Water Solid residues

14. Ugaya, C.M.L. and Walter, A.C.S. Functional unit Steel Replaceble 263 kg

15. Ugaya, C.M.L. and Walter, A.C.S. Sensibility analysis Allocation ProprietyPhysical: mass Inventory Analysis LCPhases 10% Allocation Collection and storage

16. Collect InputsDatabases: government and associations CombustionTheoretical OutputsQuestionnaires and interviews: industries and associations Storage Spreadsheets Data collection and storage

17. Ugaya, C.M.L. and Walter, A.C.S. Inventory Analysis Fabrication SO x emissions(worst case scenario)1% de S CO, MnO, P 2 O 5 e SiO 2 Oxidation Utilization 195.000 km Energy consumption: average estimatives (alcohol + gasoline) Pollutant emissions: average estimatives (data from RMSP) Deterioration factor Discard Average brazilian steel recycling 25%

18. Ugaya, C.M.L. and Walter, A.C.S. Interpretation

19. Ugaya, C.M.L. and Walter, A.C.S. Interpretation

20. Ugaya, C.M.L. and Walter, A.C.S. Interpretation

21. Ugaya, C.M.L. and Walter, A.C.S. Sensibility Analysis