1. The Origins of Early Government in the Colonies
Magna Carta
The Mayflower Compact
The Virginia House of Burgesses
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Declaration of Rights, 1689

2. I will explain the reasons for the growth of representative government and institutions during the colonial period.
In order to accomplish this I must:
Define representative government
Identify examples of representative government in the colonies
Explain how Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights influenced colonial government.
Here are the objective and learning targets for this lesson.
Objectives

3. Representative- Government-
someone who was elected by a group to speak or stand for that group
Government-
an organization that makes rules or laws and enforces them
We will first look at the two words, individually, that form the term representative government.
Just off the top of your head, define each term in your own words. Now compare it to the definitions shown.

4. Colonial Government King appointed the governor in his place
Governor appointed by King and had final say on laws
Assemblies made laws, passed taxes, paid governor’s salary which made the governor listen to the assemblies
Here’s a general overview of how the 13 colonies were governed. The assemblies were made up of white men, who usually had to own property and be members of a Christian church. They were elected to the assemblies by other white men who met the same criteria.

5. Virginia House of Burgesses, 1619
Let’s look at a few examples of representative government in the colonies.
Virginia House of Burgesses was the first elected assembly in colonial America.
That’s House of Burgesses, not burgers. You’re probably wondering what a burgess is. It’s actually an English term for representatives, so you’re really saying Virginia House of Representatives. Sounds familiar?
Let’s look at what who elected this assembly and what was its responsibilitites.

6. Virginia House of Burgesses
1619 the first elected representative government appears in Virginia.
House of Burgesses imposed taxes and ran the colony by making laws.
It is modeled after the English Parliament.
English Parliament was England’s lawmaking elected government.
Virginia House of Burgesses

7. Signing of the Mayflower Compact

8. 1620, Pilgrims arriving near the New England Coast agree to write a contract that allows for self- government.
The Mayflower Compact promised that every adult male would vote for the Governor and his advisors on a yearly basis.
It supports the idea of majority rule.
Mayflower Compact, 1620

9. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, 1639

10. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, 1639
First written constitution in North America. It was the work of a Puritan clergyman, Thomas Hooker.
It was a outline for self-government for Connecticut. The well being of the community came before the individual.
Adult males elected a governor, assistants, and a legislative assembly to make laws for the community.
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, 1639

11. Why did representative government grow?
Salutary neglect- The practice of England ignoring the political, social and economic decision of the colonies; Colonists became accustomed to some level of self-government
Because of the distance between England and the colonies, colonists were forced to establish self-government to establish order.
Colonists believe they are Englishmen and should have a say in their government
Why did representative government grow?

12. 8.3A I can tell why representative government grew in the colonies
8.3B I can tell why Virginia House of Burgesses, Mayflower Compact, and Fundamental Orders of Connecticut are related to representative government.
8.3C I can tell how religion and virtue influenced representative government.
Colonies were too far from England the mother country.
Colonists had urgent needs.
Colonists brought political traditions from England
Explain the significance of each.
Name the colony associated with each.
What do they all have in common?
Define Virtue.
What are examples of religion influencing representative government
Who was Thomas Hooker?
Roger Williams?
William Penn
What did these men have in common?

13. Due to the great distance between England and the colonies, England practiced salutary neglect- ignored the economic and political practices of the colonies.
Colonists had urgent needs and therefore had to create a system to handle local affairs right away.
Finally, the colonists were used to having certain rights based on the political traditions in England.
Magna Carta (1215)- limited the power of the king ; he had to get the consent of the people before raising taxes.
Parliament (1245)- elected representative assembly in England that ruled along with the monarch (king or queen); king could not raise taxes without the approval of the Parliament
English Bill of Rights (1689)- guaranteed English citizens basic rights such as freedom of speech, right to petition, and trial by jury
Section 1: 8.3A

14. What did each individual contribute to government in the colonies?
What do they have in common?
Thomas Hooker-
William Penn-
Roger Williams-
Section 3: 8.3C

15. Thomas Hooker William Penn Roger Williams Puritan minister
Founded Connecticut
Wrote Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Believed all freemen should have the right to vote, regardless of religion or property
Quaker minister
Founded Pennsylvania
Wrote Frame of Government
Believed all freemen should have voting rights, and government powers should be separated into different branches
Founded Rhode Island, based on religious freedom
Helped write Rhode Island Charter
Separation of church and state

16. The Signing of the Magna Carta, 1215

17. The Magna Carta, 1215
King John, an English King constantly demanded money and men for wars from his feudal barons.
The feudal barons in 1215 forced King John to sign a contract in which he agrees that he had “no right” to demand their property without their consent. Their consent was to be agreed upon in a grand council.
King must now get consent of the people

18. The Magna Carta Two important aspects of the Magna Carta:
there must be a set of laws governing (precedents) how the King and his subjects will deal with each other.
No one is above the law- the King is not the highest authority and that he is bound by a higher law that limits his authority.

19. James II
“Divine Rights” belief that the king was God’s choice to rule on earth
A monarch has absolute power over his nation
A monarch appoints government officials who answer to him not the people
A monarch passed laws without the peoples consent or input

20. Parliament
The lawmaking assembly of England; consisting of a house of Lords and a House of Commons, which are voted in by the people
It was established in

21. The Glorious Revolution
Glorious because no one died in battle and Revolution because the English overthrow the last Catholic monarch
Parliament takes away many powers from the monarchy
Monarchs William of Orange and Mary agree to give Parliament more power

22. English Bill of Rights, 1689
Monarchs William of Orange and Mary agree to give Parliament and people have more power under Bills of rights than the monarchs:
Parliament- was a group of representatives who helped govern Britain with the monarch.
Parliament makes the laws, raises taxes
Parliament approves the raising of an army
Parliament and people have free speech against the government
Trial by jury
Elections and debates

23. Colonial Government
Governments throughout the 13 colonies elected their own representatives
Representatives impose taxes, fines and managed colonial affairs

24. Freedom of the Press John Peter Zenger Trial, 1735
Arrested for exposing governor’s corruption in his paper
Charged with seditious libel
Wins freedom of press and papers will begin to address political issues

25. Who had representation?
White males who owned property were allowed to vote in colonial assemblies.
Women, African Americans, poor white males and Native Americans were excluded from this right.
Who had representation?

26. Colonial Government
What important English Rights did the colonist gain from the following dates , 1689, 1735?
What is a representative government?
Who had more power in the colonial government system. The king, governor or the assemblies?
Compare and contrast a monarchy and a representative government.
Create an illustrated time line on representative government in colonial America.

32. Williams founded the colony of Rhode Island based upon principles of complete religious toleration, separation of church and state, and political democracy (values that the U.S. would later be founded upon). It became a refuge for people persecuted for their religious beliefs.
Roger Williams

33. William Bradford was an English Separatist leader in Leiden, Holland and in Plymouth Colony. He helped create the Mayflower Compact and served as Plymouth Colony Governor five times covering about thirty years between and 1657
William Bradford