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Romanticism & Transcendentalism

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Presentation on theme: "Romanticism & Transcendentalism"— Presentation transcript:

1 Romanticism & Transcendentalism
English 2 Period 5 Loyola High School

2 Romanticism—What is it?
Artistic & Intellectual period from 1820s-1860s. Reaction against the human domination of nature Reaction against the Enlightenment Rebellion against established social rules and conventions Also called American Renaissance—American writers distinguish themselves from Europeans

3 Romanticism—What is it?
Nationalistic Reform Rejection of order, calm, harmony & rationality Excitement over human possibilities Belief in the natural goodness of man; man in a state of nature would behave well but is hindered by society.

4 Romanticism—Attributes
Deeply connected with politics of time Highly imaginative & emotionally intense Individualism Love is important emotion Favored simplicity Emphasis on NATURE World is like a living organism Common man plays role as hero Preoccupation with the genius, the hero, and exceptional figures in general

5 Romanticism—Attributes
Exaltation of emotion over reason & intellect Common man could have thoughts as good as educated people. Placed a premium on fancy, imaginative, emotional, naturalistic, individual, or exotic work Focus on the exotic, the remote, the mysterious, the weird, the occult, the monstrous, and the satanic and diseased—I.e., the grotesque. Obsessive interest in folk culture, national & ethnic origins, and the medieval era

6 Romanticism—Attributes
Creative spirit is more important than strict adherence to rules & traditional procedures Most evident in works of transcendentalists Emphasis on imagination as a gateway to transcendent experience & spiritual truth

7 Causes & Effects New artistic movements emerge
Frontier—Louisiana Purchase Anti-British—I.e., nationalism Slavery/Inequality Industrialization Wealth gives leisure time Deism/Age of Reason Democracy New artistic movements emerge Hippies/Environmentalists/PETA Civil War A lot of great literature Established an American Identity & American “genre

8 Key Figures of Romanticism
Frederick Douglass Edgar Allan Poe Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Herman Melville Henry David Thoreau Emily Dickinson Walt Whitman James Fenimore Cooper Washington Irving Samuel Taylor Colerige Nathaniel Hawthorne

9 Literary Manifestations
“The Raven”—Poe Moby Dick—Melville “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”—Irving The Scarlet Letter—Hawthorne Leaves of Grass—Whitman Walden—Thoreau Uncle Tom’s Cabin—Stowe

10 Transcendentalism Maintains that man has ideas that come not from the 5 senses or the powers of reasoning Instead, Truth comes from direct revelation from God, through inspiration or His imminent presence in the spiritual world. Stressed intuition & individual conscience

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