1. Freedom of the Press Prior Restraint = censorship of information before publication – Only allowed if it interferes w/ national security Press access at trials and impact on trials – Gag orders (judge bars press) sometimes yes/no – Sequestering juries, limit reporters, moving trial Shield laws – 31 states – reporters protected, not forced to disclose confidential info or sources in state courts Prior Restraint = censorship of information before publication – Only allowed if it interferes w/ national security Press access at trials and impact on trials – Gag orders (judge bars press) sometimes yes/no – Sequestering juries, limit reporters, moving trial Shield laws – 31 states – reporters protected, not forced to disclose confidential info or sources in state courts

2. Freedom of the Press Free Press Issues – Radio and television – obtain license and regulated by FCC Cannot censor prior but stations must follow standards – Internet – considered print media – Protection from obscene speech, pictures, and written material – Advertising – “commercial speech” less protected, profit motive Free Press Issues – Radio and television – obtain license and regulated by FCC Cannot censor prior but stations must follow standards – Internet – considered print media – Protection from obscene speech, pictures, and written material – Advertising – “commercial speech” less protected, profit motive

3. Freedom of Assembly “Right of people peacefully to assemble, and petition, the government for redress of grievances” – Cannot interfere with the rights of others – High potential for violence – conflicting beliefs Limits: permits required in some states and cannot use private property (shopping mall) Peaceful picketing Freedom of Association – Political parties – Limit: Clear and Present Danger Doctrine (again) “Right of people peacefully to assemble, and petition, the government for redress of grievances” – Cannot interfere with the rights of others – High potential for violence – conflicting beliefs Limits: permits required in some states and cannot use private property (shopping mall) Peaceful picketing Freedom of Association – Political parties – Limit: Clear and Present Danger Doctrine (again)