1. Chapter 14 CD - Media

2. CD-ROM Drives Developed in the late 1970’s by Sony and Philips as a replacement for vinyl records Used for music but later discovered that PC data could be stored on the CD

3. How CD-ROM’s Work CD-ROMs store data using microscopic pits burned into a glass master CD-ROM powerful laser With master, plastic copies are recreated using a very high-tolerance infection molding process Coated with reflective metallic coating, and then coated with lacquer for protection

4. How CD-ROMs Work Cont. CD-ROM drives use a laser and mirrors to read the data off of the CD-ROM The pits don’t allow reflection, creating binary 1’s, and the non-pitted spots make binary 0’s

5. CD-ROM Formats CD-Audio divides the CD’s data into variable length tracks; terrible for data storage To store data on a CD-ROM required error checking(ISO-9660 or High Sierra) CD interactive-(CD-I)store sound and video; simultaneous playback CD-ROM/XA-advanced CD-I Kodak’s Photo-CD- compressed to store many pictures on

6. MPC Multimedia Personal Computer- defines a set of minimum standards for multimedia system So far outclassed

7. CD-ROM Speeds First CD-ROM drives processed data at roughly 150KBps(CD-Audio speed) As speed increased, measured in multiples of the original 150KBps drives 1x, 32x, 72x...

8. CD-R CD-recordable 2 types: 74min,650Mb or 80min,700 Mb Require CD-R drive to “burn” “Burn” laser heats the organic dye, causing a change in the reflectivity of the surface (simulates pits) Single or multi -session drives 2 speeds: record speed x read speed

9. CD-RW CD-ReWrite Use a laser to heat the non crystalline substance that when cooled, becomes crystalline The crystalline areas are reflective, whereas the amorphous areas are not. write speed x re-write speed x read speed

10. Connections At first, there was no standard connections for CD-ROM The ATAPI used the 40 pin EIDE ribbon and master/slave jumpers(like drive) Require no CMOS as part of the installation control

11. Connections (continued) SCSI chain enables many CD-ROM drives to be installed on one machine (networks) Faster than EIDE but needs a unique SCSI ID and needs to be terminated at end of chain

12. Device Drivers/Software The operating system wants to give a CD media drive a drive letter that can be accessed by the OS Varies according to OS

13. DOS Device Drivers Needs a hardware-specific device driver installed via CONFIG.SYS to create an interface for the CD-ROM Needs a hardware non-specific program called MSCDEX in order to give drive a letter

14. SCSI DOS Device Drivers Needs 2 device drivers: the DOS device driver for the host adapter and the DOS ASPI driver for CD_ROMs, ASPICD.SYS

15. ATAPI DOS Device Drivers Not a high level of standardization of drivers in SCSI CD-ROMs However, it only needs one device driver OAKCDROM.SYS found on internet as a download

16. MSCDEX Microsoft CD-ROM Extensions It takes the device set up in the CD-ROM’s device driver line and assigns it a drive letter

17. Windows 9x & 2000 Device Drivers Replace MSCDEX with the protected- mode CD File System Drivers ISF drivers enable tighter integration of different types of storage devices

18. Device Manager and Settings Allows you to make changes and find information of your drive in Windows Where you enable AutoPlay which automatically detects to presence of a CD when inserts

19. Troubleshooting Check connectors Check in boot up if device is found and if not use start up disk Check other disks(CD- ROM, R, RW) Might have to clean drive Clean CD with damp cloth CD scratches worse on top than bottom