1. 17.3 Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal
OBJECTIVE: Understand the reforms of Roosevelt’s Administration

3. Quiz 17.3/ 17.4
__________ was a book that exposed the unsafe practice of the meat packing industry.
Who wrote that book?
___________ became president after McKinley’s assassination.
What was the political party founded by Teddy Roosevelt for his 1912 Presidential Campaign?
____________ won the 1912 Presidential election.

4. Theodore Roosevelt
Governor of NY. Reformer. Hero of Spanish American War.
Nominated to be Vice-President by Republican party bosses.
WHY??
1901 Pres. McKinley assassinated, TR becomes President.
Creates the “modern presidency” b/c of his popularity with the public and use of media/press.
Uses White House as a “bully pulpit”
What did he do to turn it into a “bully pulpit”?

6. How did Roosevelt redefine Federal Power?
2. Arbitrates the Coal Strike
What was happening in the coal mines?
Threatened to assume control of mines
HISTORICAL
SIGNIFICANCE:
Govt. did not automatically back big business
1. “Square Deal”
Roosevelt’s package of reforms
Expands the use of federal power to reform US
Why was it called the Square Deal?

7. Elkins Act of 1903 - illegal for railroads to give or receive rebates
4. Railroad regulation
Elkins Act of illegal for railroads to give or receive rebates
Hepburn Act of strictly limited the distribution of free railroad passes
These gave the Interstate Commerce Commission more power to curb the railroads power through federal regulation.
3. Trust Busting
Mixed record of success
Mixed message - considers some trusts good and other bad.
Focused on filing suits under Sherman Antitrust Act
Filed 44 antitrust lawsuits

8. PROTECTING HEALTH 1906: Meat Inspection Act:
Dictated strict cleanliness for meat factories
(reaction to Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle)
What did The Jungle say?
1906: Pure Food and Drug Act
Halted the sale of contaminated food and medicines and called for truth in labeling

9. Theodore Roosevelt cartoon "A nauseating job, but it must be done"
Upton Sinclair's novel, The Jungle, published in 1906, prompted President Theodore Roosevelt to order an investigation of Sinclair's allegations about unsanitary practices. Roosevelt then used the results of that investigation to pressure Congress into approving new federal legislation to inspect meatpacking. (Utica Saturday Globe)
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10. Roosevelt and REFORM CIVIL RIGHTS CONSERVATION
Created US Forest Service
Creates over 50 national parks & wilderness areas
CIVIL RIGHTS
Ambiguous record dealing with Civil Rights
Hosted Booker T. Washington at White House,
Yet, did not embrace reforms of NAACP
What was the goal of the NAACP?

11. Theodore Roosevelt with John Muir at Yosemite, 1903
In 1903, at Yosemite National Park, Theodore Roosevelt met with John Muir, a leading advocate for the preservation of wilderness. While Roosevelt made important contributions to the preservation of parks and wildlife refuges, he was more interested in the careful management of national resources, including federal lands. (Yosemite Museum)
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

12. Progressivism Under Taft
Objectives:
Summarize the Taft Presidency
Trace the division of the Republican party
Describe the election of 1912
Progressivism Under Taft

13. Taft’s Presidency “Never felt like the President”
Busted 90 trusts but never got the credit he deserved
Payne-Aldrich Tariff
Signed into law by Taft
Didn’t really lower tariffs like Progressives wanted to
Why were Progressives in favor of lowering tariffs?
Public Land problems – Taft ended up selling many western lands to big business angering conservationists

14. Republican Party Splits
Conservative Republicans and Progressive Republicans split
Speaker of House Joseph Cannon often ignored Progressive bills
He was supported by Taft
Election of the Democrats regain Congress in for first time in 18 years

15. Bull Moose Party
Angry at Taft’s lack of success, Roosevelt ran for President again
Created the Progressive Party which came to be known as the Bull Moose Party.
People boasted Teddy was strong as a “bull moose”
Were in favor of Progressive reforms
Initiative, referendum, women’s suffrage, minimum wage etc.
Democrats selected Woodrow Wilson to represent them.

16. Election of 1912
“Don’t interfere when your enemy is destroying himself”
Taft and Roosevelt attacked each other during the campaign
Taft – lenient on Big Business
Roosevelt – govt. action to support big business, but didn’t oppose all of them
Wilson – small business and free- market competition, ALL big business = EVIL
Debs – end to capitalism