1. Your Discovery is Here. The Pulsar Search Collaboratory

2. Questions We Will Answer What is a pulsar? Why do astronomers study pulsars? What is the PSC? How can you get involved?

3. What is a pulsar? A pulsar is a rapidly rotating neutron star that beam radio waves towards Earth. This brings up some new questions...  What is a neutron star?  Why is it rotating?  Why is it beaming radio waves?

4. What is a Neutron Star? A neutron star is the remnant of a massive star that has ended its life  It is called a neutron star because it is made primarily of neutrons

5. Life of a Massive Star

6. Stars spend most of their lives fusing hydrogen into helium  The star is literally blowing itself apart while gravity tries to crush it When a star runs out of hydrogen it tries to fuse heavier elements

8. Death of a Massive Star No energy can be extracted by fusing iron Without a source of energy, what do you think will happen to the star? Gravity Wins

9. Supernovae 1) Gravity causes the outer layers to collapse at super-sonic speeds 2) When outer layers hit the Iron core, they pile up and “bounce back” 3) Most of the star explodes

10. A Neutron Star is Born The star's core is left behind and goes through a wild transformation What was once a core of Iron is now a super-dense neutron star

11. Neutron Star Facts 1.4 times as massive as our Sun (500,000 Earth masses) About 12 miles across 1 teaspoon would weigh 5.5 billion tons 10 million ºF at birth Some spin several times a second or faster Why do neutron stars spin?

12. Neutron Star Facts Neutron stars can also highly magnetized  Fields thousands – billions times stronger than the strongest man made magnets This has an amazing effect  Neutron stars can emit beams of radio waves

14. Do You See a Pulsar? Pulsars are like interstellar lighthouses If the beam points towards Earth, we see a pulse of radio waves

15. Let's Listen B0329

16. Let's Listen B1937

17. Let's Listen Crab Pulsar

18. Let's Listen Vela Pulsar

19. Let's Listen J0437

20. What did you notice?

21. Pulsar Recycling Some pulsars spin faster than others  When the pulsar period is a few milliseconds, we call it a millisecond pulsar MSPs are actually recycled pulsars and are the most exciting kinds

22. Millisecond Pulsars

23. Why Do We Care? Pulsars have been used to study... 1) Einstein's general theory of relativity 2) Quantum mechanics 3) Ultra-dense matter 4) Super strong magnetic fields 5) Binary star systems 6) Stellar evolution 7) The plasma content of our galaxy 8) The magnetic field of our galaxy 9) Double pulsars and double neutron star systems

24. Why Do We Care?... 1) Old stellar populations called globular clusters 2) Emission mechanisms in radio waves, x-rays, and gamma-rays 3) The fastest rotating pulsar (716 times a second!) And in the future... 1) Pulsars will be found orbiting black holes 2) Pulsars will tell us how matter behaves at super high density 3) Pulsars will directly detect gravitational waves

26. To Review... Pulsars are rapidly rotating neutron stars that beam radio waves towards the Earth, and......Pulsars are some of the most powerful tools in the universe for studying some really awesome science You have the chance to help us find more!

27. The Pulsar Search Collaboratory In 2007 and international team of astronomers used the Green Bank Telescope in Green Bank, WV to hunt for new pulsars The Green Bank is located in the middle of the National Radio Quiet Zone  Nearest Wal-Mart is ~45 minutes away

30. The Pulsar Search Collaboratory We collected 34 TB of data and observed for 1,500 hours! Now we want students to help analyze the data!

31. The Pulsar Search Collaboratory As a member of the PSC you will be a real astronomer, working along with professionals You will have access to data that no one else in the world has access to You will experience first hand how science is done You might even make unique and amazing discoveries discoveries

32. PSC Discovery

34. What We Do PSC members form teams at their schools and work together to analyze the data  We are up to 43 participating schools Teachers act as guides and mentors but most of the work is up to you! In the process you will learn more about astronomy, science, and technology

35. Collaborating With Each Other Like professional astronomers, you will collaborate with others

36. Collaborate With Each Other Active students from each team will be able to present their results at the Capstone each spring at West Virginia University You will be able to see what others have learned and make new friends

37. We hope you'll join us!