1. ANR Extension: Connecting with the BioEconomy Charles R. Hurburgh, Jr. Professor of Agricultural Engineering 515-294-8629 tatry@iastate.edu www.iowagrain.org March 27, 2007

2. The goals of the Bioeconomy are: Enhanced national security –Reducing dependence on imported petroleum Improved environmental quality –Including mitigation of global climate change Increased markets for agricultural crops –With the benefit of reducing need for crop support programs Advances in rural development –Creating economic opportunities where the resource is located Courtesy USDA NRCS

3. …and renewable fuels are just one of many possible biobased products Biobased Products AdhesivesMotor Fuels Cleaning compounds Packaging materials DetergentsPaints Dielectric fluidsPaper Dyes, pigments & inks Plastic fillers Electric powerPolymers Hydraulic fluidsSolvents LubricantsSorbents

4. The Midwest will be the leading provider of biomass feedstocks Source: U.S. DOE

5. 5 Corn Has Significant Potential for Biofuels Ethanol Productivity Potential 435 Gal/Acre @ 150 bu/ac grain yield 100 Gal/Acre (2010) Stover 18 Gal/Acre (2010) Pericarp Gallons / Acre 1,000 gallons / acre by 2020? Grain Endosperm Bu/Ac Gal/Bu Gal/Ac 150 2.5 390 180 2.7 486 200 2.8 560 250 2.8 700 GrainPericarp 0 0 0.45 40 18.500 60 30.625 90 56 Stover 0 0 0 2.5 40 100 2.75 60 165 3 90 270 Ton/Ac Gal/Ton Gal/Ac Ton/Ac Gal/Ton Gal/Ac 05101520 Endosperm

6. Value Added Agriculture Program www.iavaap.org

7. Value Added Agriculture Program www.iavaap.org Slide Title Iowa corn processing & ethanol plants, current & planned, 10/26/06 63 Capacity: 129% of 2006 crop

8. Value Added Agriculture Program www.iavaap.org Current Iowa Dry-Grind plants Average production –60 million gal/yr 20 mgy – 110 mgy Plants produce at 105-110% above rated capacity Plants store about 5% of annual capacity DGS = 2.5% Most have outbound rail access Few (none) have inbound rail access

9. Value Added Agriculture Program www.iavaap.org Iowa Ethanol Plants Summary Statistics n Ethanol Produced mil gal/yr Corn Used mil bu/yr DGS 000 tons/yr Current Dry-grind Plants 231448.0514.3*4386.6 Plants, expansions under construction 161509.5524.34456.4 Wet Mills71210.0432.13673.2 Nearby, Iowa Draw** 6402.0143.61220.4 Subtotal Near-Term Use 4569.51614.313736.6 Announced332975.01062.59031.3 Total7544.52676.822752.7 *Operating at actual capacity, approximately 5-10% over rated capacity. **Plants in bordering counties of other states with 50% use assigned to Iowa corn.

10. Value Added Agriculture Program www.iavaap.org Ethanol plants buy 60% from farmers, want to buy more from farmers. - Farmers must be prepared to supply over the year, in a managed way. - Will elevators be surge capacity for times when farmers are not delivering Plants store about 5% of supply - Enough to cover temporary interruptions, no more. - Inbound grain goes right straight through to the process Plants stored about 2.5% of DGS - Move it or else (<10% of Revenue)

11. Value Added Agriculture Program www.iavaap.org Plants did not care about specialty grains - 100 trucks/day or 200 trucks/day - Means raising the area average and consistency will be more important Plants had absolute quality limits for US Grade factors – moisture, damage - Large change in culture for farmers - Means no leeway for storage problems, - Storing more grain longer. - Storage management will be important.

12. Value Added Agriculture Program www.iavaap.org Ethanol plants load rail but do not unload rail - Grain from local area - How to manage risk – crop insurance does an ethanol plant no good. - Increase in truck tonnages on local roads at all time of the year.

13. ANR Extension Challenge Find and promote a balance among: - crops and yield goals - crop production practices - processing methods, - plant operating strategies - etc. that still:

14. ANR Extension Challenge Provides efficient feed ingredient supply and competitive advantage for several livestock species. Does not add additional water or air pollution. Does not increase soil erosion or deteriorate soil quality Produces sufficient BioProducts

15. Economic Drivers

17. So Many Things Change This is a real business that attracts outside capital. Wall Street knows us.

18. So Many Things Change Decisions change quickly – economics less predictable. Much higher risk exposure. Real money on the table between landlords and tenants; business practice. Logistical and employment issues

19. So Many Things Change Raw material storage – where and by whom? Supply chain discipline No tolerance for poor quality materials Liability for product. Crop insurance check does not help a processor. $500/acre will make business more intense.

20. Challenges for Extension Extension is a support group with only indirect connection to net income. Information now! What’s my job today? What will we not do any more? Eliminate redundant activities Linear management chains

21. Change = Opportunity If someone came to GM and wanted Twice as many Silverado pickups and would pay Twice as much per pickup What would happen? That’s where agriculture is now. It’s a great time to be in agriculture!