1. Chapter 12 Review ARTS OF RITUAL AND EVERYDAY LIFE (CRAFT) Craft = expert work done by hand “Well crafted” = something finely made Craft + Art used to have the same meaning -Renaissance: painting, sculpture and architecture came to be seen as different activities Non-Western artistic traditions – challenge these categories: -basketry, pottery, etc considered arts

2. MYTH: Craft = functional, Art = not -In other cultures, a sculpture may have specific spiritual or ritual purposes Most craft artists concentrate on one material -realize its potential for many kinds of expression Materials -capabilities, limitations lend themselves to certain forms, structures and decorative possibilities. 1. Clay 2. Glass 3. Metal 4. Wood 5. Fiber 6. Jade, Ivory and Lacquer

3. CLAY: “Ceramics” Plasticity: moldable + cohesive Oldest craft, practiced everywhere there is MUD!

4. -fired in a kiln to become permanent (like stone) -Perfect for hollow forms (containers) 1. Coiling 2. Slab construction 3. Wheel thrown (pottery wheel)

5. Peter Voulkos – basic forms = pottery made them impractical with violent alterations art and craft are intermingled

6. GLASS: Molten silica Dale Chihuly – blown glass (bubbles) Stained glass – colored glass pieces joined with lead (leaded)

7. METAL: Most indestructible Can be molded (cast), forged, cold-formed (thin sheets - embossed)

8. WOOD: Popular; easy to work – simple tools, no heat Not as durable as metal, clay, glass, etc.

9. FIBER: Strands of animal or vegetable matter Weaving – textiles, tapestry (“painting” in fiber) Quilting (USA), Rugs + Carpets (Islamic cultures)

10. JADE: Translucent stone, carved IVORY: Teeth and Tusks, carved LAQUER: Varnish made from sap; to coat and adorn wood

11. Art-design-craft