1. ACIDS BASES SALTS Acids, Bases and Salts

2. The word acids comes from one of its characteristic properties, its taste. ACIDS = “acidus” (latin word) meaning sour. ACIDS Acids

3. Acids  An acid is a substance that releases H + ions in an aqueous solution  An aqueous solution is a solution that contains water. HCl  H + + Cl -

4. Bases are substances that are very slippery to touch and have a strong bitter taste. BASES Bases

5. Bases  A base is a substance that releases OH - ions in an aqueous solution NaOH  Na + + OH -

6. SALTS Salts are formed by the bonding of a metal with a non-metal. They are often used to change the physical properties of various solutions by lowering the freezing points or raising the boiling points Salts

7. Salts  Salts dissolve in water to produce ions (not including H + or OH - ) NaCl  Na + + Cl -

8. Litmus paper is a type of indicator (thin strip of paper that is dipped into a solution) 2 Types: Blue Litmus Paper Red Litmus Paper ACIDS – Turn blue litmus paper red BASES – Turn red litmus paper blue (USED TO DETECT ACIDS OR BASES) BB

9. SALTS – most salts are neutral Indicators

10.  An indicator is a chemical used to tell if a liquid is an acid, base or neutral  Phenolphthalein is another type of indicator  Bases turn clear phenolphthalein pink Indicators

11. Electrical Conductivity MagnesiumTaste/ Touch Litmus Paper ACID H+ ions YES Reaction to produce hydrogen SourTurns red BASE OH- ions YESNo Reaction Bitter/ SlipperyTurns Blue SALT Other ions YESNo ReactionSalty No change in colour Electrolytes – solutions that conduct electricity Properties of Acids, Bases and Salts

12. Chemically neutral – means does not contain an acid or base “Making a solution chemically neutral” Neutralize it with a base Neutralize it with an acid Acids and bases neutralize each other forming a salt and water Ex. Acid + Base = Salt + water

13. Acids, bases and salts conduct electricity Tap water -will conduct -(free ions around) Distilled water -does not -conduct -(no free ions!)

14. o Review chart: (very important!) Electrical Conductivity MagnesiumTaste/ Touch Litmus Paper ACID YESReactionSourTurns red BASE YESNo Reaction Bitter/ SlipperyTurns Blue SALT YESNo ReactionSalty Depends on the solution

15.  Worksheet # 1  Study guide, Module 3, page 2