1. Natural and Man-made

2. Spheres That Interact Atmosphere Hydrosphere Geosphere Biosphere

3. Write these in your notebook:  Atmosphere –the air  Geosphere-the land  Hydrosphere-the water  Biosphere-anywhere life exists  Cryosphere-the ice

4. Energy Runs the Universe 1. All life depends on energy transformations. 2. All matter exist because of energy. 3. The sun is the source of all energy in our solar system.

5. When Life Ends  Life ends when the sun no longer releases energy-about 5 billion years from now!

6. When Life Ends  Life ends when the sun no longer releases energy-about 5 billion years from now!

7. When Life Ends  Life ends when the sun no longer releases energy-about 5 billion years from now!

9. Rules of Energy Transfers  1. Energy can neither be destroyed or created -just transferred from one form to another.

10. Man-Made Systems  Racing Example:  Chemical energy  (gasoine) is transformed  into mechanical energy.

11. Natural System   Light energy is  transformed into  chemical energy  (glucose)

12. Rules of Energy Transfers  2. All energy transfers loose heat to the environment. Transfers are not 100% efficient.

13. Food chains  Show the natural transfer of energy from one organism to another.  Go to page 69 in a biology book and copy the food chain pictures into your notebook. (Don’t forget the arrows)

14. Algae Zooplankton Small Fish Squid Shark Heat Loss Ocean Food chain

15. Ten Percent Rule  1. About 1% of the energy available at one trophic level is available for the next level. 2. The 90% is used by organisms for daily life and cell functions and heat loss.

16. claculations  1. Go back to your food chain and add 12,000 kcal’s made by producers. Write it near the algae. 2. Now, calculate the energy passed on to each level after the algae.

17. Algae Zooplankton Small Fish Squid Shark Heat Loss Ocean Food chain 12,000 kcal

18. Algae Zooplankton Small Fish Squid Shark Heat Loss Ocean Food chain 12,000 kcal 1,200 kcal

19. Algae Zooplankton Small Fish Squid Shark Heat Loss Ocean Food chain 12,000 kcal 1,200 kcal 120 kcal

20. Algae Zooplankton Small Fish Squid Shark Heat Loss Ocean Food chain 12,000 kcal 1,200 kcal 120 kcal 12 kcal

21. Algae Zooplankton Small Fish Squid Shark Heat Loss Ocean Food chain 12,000 kcal 1,200 kcal 120 kcal 12 kcal 1.2 kcal

22. Food Web  Food webs show many food chain possibilities in an ecosystem. 1. Obtain a food web from the teacher. 2. Based on the descriptions in the food web, make arrows showing the transfer of energy from one organism to another.

23. Example: Rabbits eat large amounts of grass.