1. Global Population Trends
Chapter 2
Global Population Trends

2. Chapter Outline World Population Growth
Geographic Distribution Of The World’s Population
Global Variation In Population Size And Growth
Global Demographic Contrasts

3. Cartogram of Countries of the World by Population Size

4. Cartogram of Countries of the World by Population Size

5. World Population Growth
During the first 90% of human existence, the population of the world had grown only to the size of today’s New York City.
Between 1750 and 1950, the world’s population grew from 800 million to 2.5 billion.
Since 1950 it has expanded to more than six billion.

6. Population Growth Year Population (Millions)
Average Annual Growth Rate
Doubling Time
–8000 4
–2000 27
0.07
1,051
–500
100
0.14
498
500
198
-0.01
-5,414
1000
290
0.08
906

7. Population Growth Year Population (Millions)
Average Annual Growth Rate
Doubling Time
1500
473
0.27
258
1800
945
0.42
163
1900
1,654
0.59
118
1920
1,860
0.61
113
1940
2,300
1.05 65

8. Population Growth Year Population (Millions)
Average Annual Growth Rate
Doubling Time
1960
3,039
1.33 52
1980
4,454
1.69 41
2000
6,071
1.25 55
2020
7,524
1.00 69
2040
8,492
0.65
106

9. Doubling Time
The time required for a population to double if the current rate of growth continues.
The doubling time is approximately equal to 69 divided by the growth rate.
Estimate the world’s rate of growth in the year 2003 to be 1.2% per year, the doubling time is 58 years.

10. Why Was Early Growth Slow?
During the first 99% of human history death rates were high.
During the hunting-gathering phase, life expectancy averaged 20 years.
More than half of children born will died before 5.
The average woman who survived the reproductive years would have to bear nearly 7 children to assure 2 survived to adulthood.

11. Why Are More Recent Increases so Rapid?
Acceleration in population after 1750 was due to declines in the death rate that accompanied the Industrial Revolution.
People were eating better, wearing warmer clothes, bathing more often and drinking cleaner water.
Continuing population increases are due to dramatic declines in mortality without a commensurate decline in fertility.

12. Redistribution of the World’s Population through Migration
Migration streams flow from rapidly growing areas into less rapidly growing ones:
Latin America and Asia to the United States
Asia to Canada
Africa and Asia to Europe
In earlier decades, as population grew dense in a region, people moved to less populated areas.

13. European Expansion
Europeans began to stake out the less developed areas of the world in the 15th and 16th centuries.
Before this expansion, Europeans represented 18% of the world’s population.
By the 1930s, people of European origin in Europe, North America, and Oceania accounted for 35% of the world’s population.

14. The Urban Revolution
As recently as 1800, less than 1% of the world’s population lived in cities of 100,000 or more.
More than 1/3 of all humans now live in cities of that size.
Urban populations grew in some countries even without industrialization, as places sprang up where goods and services were exchanged.

18. World Population Increase
Time Period
Births
Deaths
Natural Increase
Year
132,594,000
56,826,000
75,768,000
Day
363,271
155,688
207,584
Hour
15,136
6,487
8,649
Minute
252
108
144
Second 4 2

19. Future Population Growth
More Developed Nations
Less Developed Nations
World
Population in 2000(millions)
1,194
4,877
6,071
Medium fertility- Projection to 2050
1,220
7,699
8,919
Low fertility - Projection to 2050
1,084
6,325
7,409
High fertility- Projection to year 2050
1,370
9,263
10,633

20. How Many People Have Ever Lived?
Historical Period
# Born During the Period (billions)
Cumulative Total Born (billions)
200,000 BC to 8,000 BC
2.1
8,001 BC to AD
0 16.7
18.8
AD 1 to 1799
29.4
48.2
1800 to 1899
3.6
51.8
1900 to 1949
2.6
54.4
1950 to 2003
6.5
60.9

21. World’s 10 Most Populous Countries
People’s Republic of China
India
United States
Indonesia
Brazil
Russia
Bangladesh
Japan
Nigeria