1. New Settlers- California & Utah
Ch. 12 Section 4
New Settlers- California & Utah

2. Terms
Forty-niners: people who went to California during the gold rush of 1849
Boomtowns: a community experiencing a sudden growth in business or population
Vigilantes: people who take the law into their own hands
Mormon: member of the Church of Latter-Day Saints

3. CALFORNIA GOLD RUSH
1. More 80,000 went to California in 1849 looking for gold.
2. How did gold seekers arrive to California?
Oregon Trail, Santa Fe Trail-Sierra Nevada Mts., sea routes
3. 80% of forty-niners were American. Where did the rest come from?
Mexico, South America, Europe, Australia

4. THE CALIFORNIOS 4. What is a Californio?
Mexicans living in California who became American citizens after the Mex-American war
5. What happened to Californios land claims?
Land law of sets up review board for land rights
Californios have to prove what land they own
New settlers who claim land would take Californios to court, Californios often lose

5. LIFE IN CALIFORNIA
6. What did the gold rush do to the world’s gold supply? Doubled it
7. Describe how the gold rush affected forty-niners.
Very few achieve lasting wealth, those who did often squandered it through gambling or wild spending
8. Who was Levi Strauss? How did he benefit from the gold rush?
Jewish immigrant who sells miners sturdy denim pants

6. 10. Why were mining camps and towns so dangerous
9. Why were merchants like able to make huge profits in boomtowns?
Miners have no place else to go to buy- food and other essentials sky rocket in price
Eggs: $10/dozen
10. Why were mining camps and towns so dangerous
Absence of women- men spend time drinking, gambling, and fighting
No police or prisons
11. List four ways that the Gold Rush affected California.
Improvements in shipping, agriculture, trade,
Population boom (20, ,000 in only four years) , California statehood 1850

7. A RELIGIOUS REFUGE IN UTAH
12. Why did Joseph Smith move westward?
Formed a new Christian church that was disapproved of in East (NY)
13. How were the Mormons under Brigham Young able to make their community in the Great Salt Lake region flourish?
12,000 Mormons make pilgrimage
Build irrigation canals to water farms
Founded industries to be self-sufficient
Sell supplies to 49ers