1. Geology of Hawaii By: Katie Donovan Rachel Seesan SCI 210 4/5/04 Dr. Sandy

2. Hawaii has an area of 6,435 square miles and the shoreline are 1,022 miles long Hawaii has an area of 6,435 square miles and the shoreline are 1,022 miles long There are actually 132 islands in the Hawaii Island Chain There are actually 132 islands in the Hawaii Island Chain The big island has five above the ocean volcanoes which are oldest to the northwest and youngest to southeast. The big island has five above the ocean volcanoes which are oldest to the northwest and youngest to southeast. 82 volcanoes in the Hawaii chain 82 volcanoes in the Hawaii chain Mauna Kea is the tallest mountain in Hawaii at 13,796 feet Mauna Kea is the tallest mountain in Hawaii at 13,796 feet 8,800 different species of animals… most of which are endangered 8,800 different species of animals… most of which are endangered 1,193,001 live in Hawaii.. Less then 1% are pure Hawaiian 1,193,001 live in Hawaii.. Less then 1% are pure Hawaiian

3. Hawaii was formed when a molten 'hot spot' weakened the Earth’s crust until it broke open and molten lava started pumping out. Hawaii was formed when a molten 'hot spot' weakened the Earth’s crust until it broke open and molten lava started pumping out. That one 'hot spot' stays in the same place as the Pacific Tectonic Plate moves slowly northeast towards Japan and has created all of the Hawaiian Islands That one 'hot spot' stays in the same place as the Pacific Tectonic Plate moves slowly northeast towards Japan and has created all of the Hawaiian Islands

4. A volcano is defined as a place where magma/or gas from within the earth surface A volcano is defined as a place where magma/or gas from within the earth surface Explosions depend on two characteristics: Explosions depend on two characteristics: 1.The amount of gas in proportion to liquid rock 2.The viscosity (stickiness) of the liquid lava “Hawaiian type” eruptions are unique compared to other types

6. Rocks ejected from volcanic eruptions are known as volcanic ejecta Rocks ejected from volcanic eruptions are known as volcanic ejecta Hawaiian ejecta is known as pyroclastic (“fire- broken”) rocks Hawaiian ejecta is known as pyroclastic (“fire- broken”) rocks Ejecta classified according to size. Ejecta classified according to size. Rocks found in Hawaii are also found in other central Pacific islands Rocks found in Hawaii are also found in other central Pacific islands Hawaiian rocks differ in the process Hawaiian rocks differ in the process

8. Most abundant mineral is feldspar Most abundant mineral is feldspar –White/gray with glassy or pearly luster –Cleavage seen on broken surface –Made of anorthite and albite chemicals Most abundant limestone is Calcite –Rhombohedral cleavage Quartz is the rarest mineral –Glassy appearance and little/no cleavage

9. Serves multiple purposes to the Hawaiian islands Serves multiple purposes to the Hawaiian islands Least known part of the earth’s surface Least known part of the earth’s surface The shoreline is gradually cut back by the horizontal direct attack of the waves The shoreline is gradually cut back by the horizontal direct attack of the waves Rock debris is produced by this process Rock debris is produced by this process

11. Series of elastic waves Series of elastic waves One of the most feared natural disasters of Hawaii One of the most feared natural disasters of Hawaii Caused by sudden displacement of rock in the ocean Caused by sudden displacement of rock in the ocean Waves spread out and cause tidal waves Waves spread out and cause tidal waves

13. Pele the goddess and creator of the Hawaiian Islands can create/destroy with fire Pele the goddess and creator of the Hawaiian Islands can create/destroy with fire Bad luck to steal a piece of rock from the Island… Pele will find revenge on you! Bad luck to steal a piece of rock from the Island… Pele will find revenge on you! Includes sand, rocks, and lava rocks, and shells Includes sand, rocks, and lava rocks, and shells http://www.volcanogallery.com/lavarock.htm http://www.volcanogallery.com/lavarock.htm