1. By: Santos Ontiveros

2. a ABRHAM LINCOLN: PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES DURING THE CIVIL WAR. BATTLE OF ANTIETAM: SINGLE BLOODIEST BATTLE OF THE CIVIL WAR.

3. B JOHN Brown: MILITANT ABOLIONIST WHO LED RAID AT HARPERS FERRY. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN: AUTHOR, PUBLISHER, INVENTOR AND DIPLOMAT.

4. C Crispus Attucks: American hero and martyr of the Boston massacre. Articles of confederation: created just before the battle of Yorktown, this was the first attempt at a national government by the american colonies; its weakness was the lack of a strong central government.

5. d Douglass, Frederick: slave, but had escaped slavery and became a leading abolitionist. Davis, Jefferson: president of the confederate states of America.

6. e emancipation proclamation: freed all of the slaves in the southern states. Eli Whitney: invented the cotton gin and interchangeable parts.

7. F Fugitive slave act: act that helped slave owners recover their runaway slaves from the north. Federalist party: believe in strong central government, higher tariffs, government support of industry.

8. G Great compromise: it called for a bi-cameral congress with population based representation in the house, and two representatives per state in the senate. George mason: writings influenced new government. He believed in the need restrict government power and refused to ratify the constitution till the bill of rights were added.

9. h Haym Salomon: polish Jew who spied for Americans and was held as a translator for the Germans by the British. Hamilton, Alexander: author of many of many federalist papers, first secretary of treasury, leader of the federalist party.

10. i individual rights: the first 10 amendments of the constitution protect individual rights power of the government. Industrialism: inventions changed the way goods were produced.

11. j Jacksonian democracy: the idea that as many people as possible should be allowed to vote. john Quincy Adams: 6 th president, member of congress & and favored strong nationalism against states rights and opposed the pro- slavery messages of john c. Calhoun.

12. k King George iii: king of England during the American revolution. Kansas-nebraska act: all were examples of the government compromise that actually spread slavery further in the country.

13. l labor reform movement: social movement where workers began protesting and strikes to get better wages and working hours. The liberator: an abolitionist newspaper-william Lloyd garrison.

14. m Mann, Horace: father of the public education, believed all children had the right to free education. Morril act: land grant that established agricultural universities.

15. n Nullification compromise: Henry clays compromise to the end of nullification crisis when the tariff would be lowered over a 10 year period. Northwest ordinance: established government for the northwest territory and described how a territory became a state.

16. o Override: to overturn or defeat, as a bill proposed in congress. Ordinance: a law or regulation.

17. p Plantations: large farms that usually grow one kind of cash crop. Popular sovereignty: political power rests with the people exercised through voting.

18. q Quaker: protestant group of dissenters called the security of friends. Quartering act: protection from quartering troops.

19. r Republicanism: government in which the desires of people are represented in government by elected representatives. Ralph waldo Emerson: writer & poet, popularized the idea of transcendentalism.

20. s Samuel Morse: inventor of the telegraph. Suffrage: the right to vote.

21. t Treaty of Paris: ended the French and Indian war. Thomas Paine: wrote “common sense” and “American crisis”.

22. u Urbanization: social process where cities grow and societies become more urban. Unalienable rights: rights that cannot be taken away by a government.

23. v Virginia plan: each state would have a different number of representatives based on states population. Virtue: the quality of doing what its right and avoiding what is right.

24. w William Carney: 1 st African American awarded medal of honor. William, dawes: leading member of the sons of liberty.

25. x Xyz affair: three French agents.

26. y Yorktown: the last major battle of the revolutionary war.

27. z Zenger peter, john: journalist, freedom of press.