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The Rock Cycle
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D21 Explain how internal energy of the Earth causes matter to cycle through the magma and the solid earth.
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The Rock Cycle
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Three Major Rock Groups
Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic
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Major Rock Groups Formed from melted or molten rock
Igneous Formed from melted or molten rock There are two types of igneous rock Plutonic or Intrusive This forms from magma which undergoes slow cooling and crystallization below the surface Volcanic or Extrusive This forms from lava which undergoes quick cooling at the surface
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Igneous Rocks
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Igneous Rocks Pumice Obsidian
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Major Rock Groups Sedimentary These rocks form from small pieces of materials which collect, and over time become cemented together as rock These are formed at the Earth’s surface Two Types Clastic These form from mineral fragments or clays Chemical These form from crystals or biochemical precipitates
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Sedimentary Rocks
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Sedimentary Rocks
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Major Rock Groups Metamorphic
These types of rocks have been changed by pressure, temperature and fluids.
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Metamorphic Rock
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Fig. 2.9 MAGMA
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IGNEOUS Crystallization MAGMA
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IGNEOUS Plutonic Crystallization MAGMA
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Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Crystallization MAGMA
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Weathering Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Crystallization Uplift MAGMA
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SEDIMENT SEDIMENT Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Uplift MAGMA Weathering
Crystallization Cooling Uplift MAGMA
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Erosion & Transport & Pressure
SEDIMENT SEDIMENT Weathering Erosion & Transport & Pressure Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Crystallization Cooling Water Uplift MAGMA Wind Ice Gravity
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Lithification = Cementation + Compaction SEDIMENT Volcanic IGNEOUS
Erosion SEDIMENT Weathering Lithification = Cementation + Compaction Transport Deposition Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY Crystallization Cooling Uplift MAGMA
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SEDIMENT Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Burial
Erosion SEDIMENT Weathering Transport Deposition Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY Increased P&T METAMORPHIC Crystallization Cooling Burial Uplift MAGMA
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Can you see any shortcuts?
Erosion SEDIMENT Weathering Transport Deposition Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Can you see any shortcuts? SEDIMENTARY Increased P&T METAMORPHIC Crystallization Cooling Melting Burial Uplift MAGMA
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SEDIMENT Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Burial
Erosion SEDIMENT Weathering Transport Deposition Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY Increased P&T METAMORPHIC Crystallization Cooling Melting Burial Uplift MAGMA
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In Conclusion… The rock cycle demonstrates the relationships among the three major rock groups It is powered by the interior heat of the Earth It involves processes on the Earth’s surface as well as the Earth’s interior
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SEDIMENT Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Burial
Erosion SEDIMENT Weathering Transport Deposition Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY Increased P&T METAMORPHIC Crystallization Cooling Melting Burial Uplift MAGMA
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Name ________________ Period __________
Erosion Weathering Transport Deposition Increased P&T Crystallization Cooling Melting Burial Uplift
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