3. Bring cases before truly independent judge NO troops quartered in their homes Trade without burdensome restrictions NO taxes unless represented No confidence in English Constitution

5. “ Natural Rights” John Dickinson – “are born with us; exist with us: and cannot be taken away from us by Human Power.” Life, Liberty, property

6. “ radical change in principles, opinions, sentiments, and affections of the people” Consent of the Governed

7. 1781 Created a constitution that governed America during the Revolutionary War Weak Central Government called Congress John Hancock never showed up to be president

8. Philadelphia 1787 Revise the Articles Objective –Protect life, liberty, and property

9. Studied the Pennsylvania constitution Studied the Massachusetts constitution

10. Thomas Jefferson: “a little rebellion now and then is a good thing.” “The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants

11. English Philosopher Without government the strong can use their liberty to deprive the weak of theirs Consent of the Governed

15. Electoral College Judicial Review – Supreme Court to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional

16. Proposed –2/3 vote of both houses of congress –National convention called by congress at request of 2/3 of the states

17. Ratify –Three-fourths of the state legislatures approve it –Ratifying conventions in three-fourths of the states approve it –Chart page 42

18. Political authority divided between a national and state government Enumerated Powers: National Gov Exclusively Reserved Powers: State Gov Exclusively Concurrent Powers: Shared by both

19. Favored ratification of the Constitution Favored powerful federal government Bill of Rights were not needed

20. Opposed ratification of Constitution Want a Weak federal government Wanted Bill of Rights

21. Southern States –Wanted slaves counted as population to determine number of people in the House of Rep’s –Opposed counting slaves for the purpose of determining taxation

22. Northern States –Opposed counting slaves as population to determine representation in the House of Rep’s –Favored counting slaves for the purpose of determining taxation

23. 3/5 of slaves counted as population in determining representation to the House of Representatives 3/5 of slaves would be counted for the purpose of determining taxation