1. River Valley Civilizations

2. The Earliest Civilizations Geography influences settlement Geography influences settlement The river provides… The river provides… Four river valley civilizations Four river valley civilizations

3. A View of Egypt by Satellite

5. Dry Climate  Irrigation Shaduf

6. Economy

7. Economy Based on Agriculture

8. Making Ancient Egyptian Wine

9. Social Classes and Government

10. Egyptian Social Hierarchy The Head Honcho 90% Skilled Workers Priests and Gov’t Officials

11. The Pharaohs Thutmose III Ramses II Tutankhamen

12. The Nobility

13. The Priestly Class

15. Scribes

16. Peasants and Farmers Made up the majority of society Made up the majority of society

17. Writing System

18. Papyrus  Paper Papyrus Plant Hieratic Scroll Piece

19. Hieroglyphics “Alphabet”

20. Champollion & the Rosetta Stone