1. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 1 Chapter 4 Spatial Data Warehouses

2. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 2 Fig. 4.1. Spatial data types

3. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 3 Fig. 4.2. Icons for the various topological relationships meets contains/inside equals crosses overlaps/intersects covers/coveredBy disjoint

4. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 4 Fig. 4.3. Examples of the various topological relationships. The two objects in the relationship are drawn in black and in gray, respectively

5. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 5 Fig. 4.4. A multidimensional schema with spatial elements

6. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 6 Fig. 4.5. Examples of levels with spatial characteristics (a) Spatial level (b) Spatial level with a spatial attribute (c) Conventional level with a spatial attribute

7. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 7 Fig. 4.6. A balanced spatial hierarchy (a) Schema (b) Examples of instances

8. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 8 Fig. 4.7. An unbalanced spatial hierarchy (a) Schema (b) Examples of instances

9. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 9 Fig. 4.8. A generalized spatial hierarchy (a) Schema (b) Examples of instances

10. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 10 Fig. 4.9. A balanced nonstrict spatial hierarchy (a) Schema (b) Examples of instances

11. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 11 Fig. 4.10. A set of alternative spatial hierarchies formed by two nonstrict balanced hierarchies

12. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 12 Fig. 4.11. A set of parallel independent spatial hierarchies associated with one dimension

13. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 13 Fig. 4.12. A set of parallel dependent spatial hierarchies

14. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 14 Fig. 4.13. Classification of topological relationships for the purpose of aggregation procedures

15. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 15 Fig. 4.14. Schema for analysis of transportation services in a city

16. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 16 Fig. 4.15. A fact relationship with a spatial measure

17. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 17 Fig. 4.16. A variant of the schema of Fig. 4.15

18. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 18 Fig. 4.17. A schema for analyzing the closeness of cities to highways

19. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 19 Fig. 4.18. Metamodel of the spatially extended MultiDim model

20. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 20 Fig. 4.19. Object-relational representation of a spatial level (a) Examples of members(b) Geometry of a member with an island

21. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 21 Fig. 4.20. A relationship between nonspatial and spatial levels

22. Copyright © 2008 Elzbieta Malinowski & Esteban Zimányi 22 Fig. 4.21. A topological relationship between two spatial levels