1. The Human World: Political and Economic systems
Chapter 4: Section 3

3. EQ: What types of human systems provide the power for groups of people to control Earth’s surface? OBJ: I will be able to use geographic concepts to analyze spatial phenomena and to discuss economic, political, and social factors that define and interpret space.

4. Features of government: Levels of Government
Most large countries have different levels of government which includes provinces, countries, cities, towns, etc.
A Unitary System gives all key powers to the national or central government
The United Kingdom and France both developed unitary governments during the late middle ages and early modern times
A Federal System divides the powers of government between the national government and state or provincial governments
Each level of government has sovereignty (power) in some areas
The United States developed a federal system after the 13 colonies became independent from Great Britain

5. Features of Government: Types of governments
An Autocracy is any system of government in which the power and authority to rule belong to a single individual
The oldest and one of the most common forms of government
Some forms of autocracy include totalitarian dictatorship and monarchy
An Oligarchy is any system of government in which a small group holds power
The small group that rules gets all their power from wealth, military power, social position, or a combination of these elements
A Democracy any system of government where leaders rules with the consent of the citizens
Power lies with the people
When citizens decide on issues, that is known as direct democracy (no national country is a direct democracy)

6. RECAp!
What are the two levels of government that we discussed? What are the definitions of both?
What are the three types of government that we discussed? What are the definitions of each one?
What type of government does the United States have?

7. Economic Systems: Traditional economy
A Traditional Economy habits or customs determine the rules for all economic activity
Behavior is determined by what was done by their elders or ancestors
Individuals are not free to make decisions based on what they would like to have

8. Economic systems: market economy
Market Economy refers to when individuals and private groups make decisions about what to produce
Based off of free enterprise, which is the idea that private individuals or groups have the right to own property or business and make a profit with little government interference [Also known as capitalism]
No country has a pure market economy system
The United States has a mixed economy
Governments in modern mixed economies influence their economies by spending tax revenues to support social services

9. Economic systems: Command economy
In a Command Economy, the government owns or directs the means of production—land labor, capital (machinery, factories), and business managers— and controls the distribution of goods
Goods and services must benefit the majority
Public taxes help support services that benefit most people
Communism
Requires strict government control of the entire society, including the economy
One political party – the Communist Party
Limited choices

10. Economic systems: Command economy
Socialism
Allows wider range of free enterprise
Three main goals:
Equitable distribution of wealth and economic opportunity
Society’s control, through government, of decisions about public goods
Public ownership of services and factories that are essential
Some socialist countries are democratic socialist
Sweden, Denmark,

11. RECAP!
What is a traditional economy?
What is a market economy?
What is a command economy? What are the two main types of command economies?

12. CLASSWORK: Chapter 4 Section 3 Review
On page 104, answer questions 1-2 and 4-6