1. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Resources Click on one of the following icons to go to that resource. glencoe.com Image Bank Foldables Video Clips and Animations Standardized Test Practice Chapter Review Questions Chapter Summary

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3. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Click on individual thumbnail images to view larger versions. Image Bank

4. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Image Bank To transfer images to your own power point follow the following steps: Open the “Resource” file from the CD-ROM disc – view the file in the “normal view” or “slide sorter view” mode - go to slide #2 – from there you can click through the images and follow these instructions. Click once on the image. Copy the image Go to your own power point document Paste the image. Transfer Images

5. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Image Bank Ice Wedging

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13. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Image Bank Table – Factors that Affect Soil Formation

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26. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Foldables Weathering and Erosion Make the following Foldable to compare and contrast weathering and erosion.

27. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Foldables Fold one sheet of paper lengthwise.

28. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Foldables Fold into thirds.

29. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Foldables Unfold and draw overlapping ovals. Cut the top sheet along the folds.

30. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Foldables Label the ovals as shown.

31. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Foldables As you read the chapter, list the characteristics unique to weathering under the left tab, those unique to erosion under the right tab, and those characteristics common to both under the middle tab. Construct a Venn Diagram

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35. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. 1 1 Weathering includes processes that break down rock. Weathering and Soil Formation During mechanical weathering, physical processes break rock into smaller pieces. Reviewing Main Ideas During chemical weathering, the chemical composition of rocks is changed. Soil evolves over time from weathered rock. Parent rock, topography, climate, and organisms affect soil formation.

36. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. 2 2 Erosion is the wearing away and removal of rock or sediment. Erosion of Earth's Surface Agents of erosion include gravity, ice, wind, and water. Downslope movement of a portion of the land's surface is called mass movement. Reviewing Main Ideas

37. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. 2 2 Erosion of Earth's Surface Reviewing Main Ideas All agents of erosion move rock and sediment. When energy of motion decreases, sediment is deposited. Erosion and deposition determine the shape of the land.

38. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Review Question 1 Where would you be more likely to find soil high in organic matter? Why? A. desert B. grassland C. polar D. tropical PS 2.1h

39. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Review Answer Tropical areas are more likely to have soil high in organic matter because the humid climate creates warm, moist weather patterns. As plants and animals die and decay, humus forms. Humus is rich in organic matter and helps soil hold water and provides nutrients that help plants grow.

40. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Review Question 2 List the four agents of erosion. Answer The four agents of erosion are gravity, ice, wind, and water. PS 2.1i

41. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Review Question 3 Which is an example of a chemical change? A. a rock eroded by acid B. boiling water C. evaporation D. melting ice PS 2.2h

42. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Review Answer The answer is A. A chemical change occurs when the chemical composition of the original product changes. When carbonic acid comes into contact with certain rocks, the rocks dissolve and a new product is left in its place.

43. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Review Question 4 A large sandstone boulder is weathered to form several smaller sandstone boulders. What is this an example of? A. acid dissolution B. a change in state C. a chemical change D. a physical change PS 2.1h

44. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Review Answer The answer is D. The weathered rocks have the same chemical composition of the original rock, they have just been broken into smaller pieces over time.

45. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Chapter Review Question 5 What five factors affect soil formation? Answer Type of parent rock being weathered, topography of an area, climate, time, and organisms in the soil all affect soil formation. PS 2.1h

46. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice What occurs when heavy moisture saturates sediments and causes them to flow downhill over the ground’s surface? Question 1 PS 2.1h

47. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice A. creep B. mudflow C. rock slide D. slump PS 2.1h

48. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is B. Mudflows are a mixture of water and sediment that flow downhill over the ground’s surface.

49. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Question 2 Which is an accumulation of silt deposited by wind? A. loess B. outwash C. rill D. till PS 2.1i

50. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is A. Wind can blow fine sediment or silt. When this sediment is deposited, an accumulation called loess can blanket Earth’s surface.

51. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Question 3 This photo of moss growing on a rock is an example of _______? PS 2.1h

52. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice A. chemical weathering B. creep C. erosion D. mechanical weathering PS 2.1h

53. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is A. Plant roots produce tannin which can form tannic acid. This acid can dissolve minerals in rock.

54. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Question 4 A. abrasion B. deflation C. glacial deposition D. sheet flow What results when wind leaves behind particles that are too heavy to move? PS 2.1i

55. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is B. When wind blows over the land it lifts and carries small particles like silt and sand. Often, heavy rocks that are too heavy to be lifted by wind are left behind. This is called deflation.

56. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Question 5 A. glacial erosion B. gravitational erosion C. sheet erosion D. wind erosion When storm water flows through a sewer it is an example of ________? PS 2.1i

57. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is C; thin sheets of water flow downhill and carry loose sediment with it.

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