1. Notes Section 2.2: States of Matter Matter and Energy

2. What are the 4 states of Matter? Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

3. The 3 States of Matter: Characteristics

4. How do you change a state of matter?

5. Melting The process by which a solid becomes a liquid.

6. Molecular Movement of Melting SOLIDLIQUID Particles are vibrating Particles break loose and slide past one another. Heat gives particles ENERGY

7. Melting Point The lowest temperature at which a substance begins to melt.

8. Melting Points Nitrogen-345.82 F Oxygen-361.12 F Iron2795.0 F Carbon6332.0 F Helium-457.6 F Sodium207.9 F

9. Freezing The process by which a liquid becomes a solid.

10. Molecular Movement of Freezing SOLIDLIQUID The heat leaves…and the energy from the particles decreases…creating a solid

11. Are these items frozen?

12. Freezing Point The temperature at which a specific liquid becomes a solid.

13. Time to Think! What is the relationship between a substance’s melting point and freezing point? They are the same temperature!

14. Evaporation The process by which a liquid becomes a gas.

15. Molecular Movement of Evaporation Add heat to a liquid… …and get a gas

16. Word Study The root of the word evaporation is ____________, a Latin word meaning _____________________. vapor steam

17. Sublimation The process by which a solid changes directly to a gas.

18. Boiling The process by which a liquid becomes a gas and produces bubbles.

19. Molecular Movement of Boiling Why does the liquid in the first picture evaporate when no heat is added?

20. Boiling Point The temperature at which a substance changes from its liquid state to its gas state.

21. Condensation The process by which a gas changes its state to become a liquid. Beads of water that have condensed from the surrounding air.

22. Molecular Movement of Condensation LIQUID GAS The heat leaves… and the energy from the particles decreases …creating a liquid

23. Word Study The root of the word condensation is ______________, which comes from a Latin word meaning ____________________. condense to thicken

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