1. Immunology Chapter 2, Lecture 1 Richard L. Myers, Ph.D. Department of Biology Southwest Missouri State Temple Hall 227 Telephone: 417-836-5307 Email: rlm967f@mail.smsu.edu

2. Horses may be used when a large amount of antiserum is needed

3. Primates may be used in research related to vaccine development

4. Experimental Systems Experimental animal models include mice –easy to handle –genetically well characterized –rapid breeding cycle Inbred strains (syngeneic) –repeated inbreeding between litter mates –C3H –C57BL/6

5. C57 black mouse, the experimental animal of choice

6. Comments on the use of animals in research and teaching Ethical issue?

7. Science, 14 August 1998

8. Adoptive-transfer systems First the immune response of a syngeneic host is destroyed –eliminate with x-ray (650-750 rads) –then reconstitute with other lymphocytes X-ray will lead to death of the mouse unless reconstitution is accomplished

9. Experimental Systems Scid mice –must be raised in a germ-free environment –can accept transplanted bone marrow cells Cell culture systems –primary lymphoid cell cultures –cloned lymphoid cell lines –hybrid lymphoid cell lines

10. Cell culture laboratory

11. SCID mice grafted with human scalp and treated with X-ray to study hair loss

12. Fetal tissue research Ethical issue?

14. Human embryonic stem cells (see Science, vol 282, p 1061) Pluripotential stem cells can generate all of the cells types and can self renew Now human ES cells from the blastocyst can be grown in culture Have been used to produce transgenic mice With refinement in techniques we may produce directed, lineage restricted differentiation

15. Assignment Read Chapter 1 (Overview) for information and review only Read Chapter 2, Experimental Systems Review question 12 (pg 45)