1. What do you mean we have to write a speech?

2. Yes, that’s right you will be writing a persuasive speech.
A persuasive speech is one in which the speaker attempts to persuade the audience to agree with a point of view OR to take some course of action.
Most political speeches are examples of persuasive speeches.

3. You may not realize it, but you’ve been making oral presentations ever since you started school. In the early grades, like Kindergarten, your teachers coaxed you to say your name or to tell about your favorite toy (show and tell).

4. Where do I start?
Thorough preparation is the key to delivering a successful speech.

6. Step 1 Understand the purpose of your speech
There are three main purposes for formal speaking:
to inform,
to persuade,
and to demonstrate.
The purpose of my speech is to _______.

7. Step 2
Learn about WHO your audience is going to be

8. Think about your audience by asking…
What are their ages, backgrounds, interests, and needs?
Will my audience be familiar or unfamiliar with my subject?

9. Step 3 Choose a topic; there is an ocean full of them waiting for you.
choose a subject that genuinely interests you and will appeal to your listeners.

10. Here are some important points to consider when selecting a subject:
Know your subject: Make sure that you know your subject well or that you can learn about it in a short time.
Choose the right subject: Make sure that your subject meets the requirements (and purpose) of the assignment.
Choose a specific subject: make sure that your subject is specific enough to cover in the time allowed for your speech.
Example: General idea = hobby
Hobby > crafts > scrapbooking > why you should scrapbook
The specific subject of my speech is _________.

11. Step 4
Write a statement of purpose ~ What is the purpose for this speech. What are you trying to persuade someone to do?
I will persuade my audience to ________.

12. Step 5
Collect Information & Research so that your speech is accurate and extensive.

13. Tap your memory: If your speech is based on experience, write down the facts, details, and feelings as you remember them.

14. Talk with people: Discuss your subject with a variety of people who may be able to provide details from their experiences.

15. Get first hand experience if this applies to you.

16. Search the library: Make sure to check different library resources including books, magazines, pamphlets, videos, and so on.

17. Explore the internet: check out appropriate Web sites and news groups for information. I will give you class time to do this; HOWEVER, it is YOUR responsibility to use your class time wisely!

18. Collecting Tips:
Gather more facts and details than you need. You can decide which ones to use as you write your speech.
Take good notes and make sure to write down all the sources of your information.

19. Visual Aids
Look for photographs, maps, models, artifacts, charts, and so on. Showing such items can make any speech more interesting and/or convincing.

20. Create your own graphics or charts if you can’t find ones that meet your needs; however, you need to remember these tips:
Make them big. Everyone in the room should be able to see your visual aids.
Keep them simple. Don’t use sentences and paragraphs. Labels and short phrases are more effective.
Design them to catch the eye. Use color, bold lines and basic shapes to attract attention.

21. Helpful Hints: Posters Show words, pictures, or both Photographs
Help your audience “see” who or what you are talking about
Charts
Compare ideas or explain main points
Transparencies
Highlight key words, ideas, or graphics
Maps
Show specific places being discussed
Objects
Allow you audience to see the real thing

22. Step 6
Outline. The outline must have an Introduction, Body and Conclusion. Under each of those headings, use subtopics (A,B,C) and details (1,2,3)

23. Sample Outline Making a Terrarium A. Selection of basic ingredients
1. Use a fish tank or bowl
2. Find good soil, sand, and gravel
3. Choose plants
B. Preparation of the soil
1. Line bottom with layer of gravel
2. Place equal amounts of sand and soil
Etc...

24. Step 7 ~ Prepare your note cards
Print the information in your outline on small index cards to which you can refer as you deliver your speech

25. Note Cards Continued…
Make note cards that contain your opening and closing statements
Create at least one note card for each subtopic. Underline the subtopic, and list the key details beneath it.
Number your note cards to help you keep them in order

26. The introduction to a speech is very much like an introduction to an essay.
To begin, you may Tell a Story, Use Humour, Use a snappy quote, or you may start by getting your readers’ attention by Reading some startling statistics or by Asking thought-provoking questions.

27. Like the introduction, the conclusion to a speech is very much like the conclusion to an essay.
The end must be dramatic, conclusive and must leave a lasting impression on the listener’s mind. You may use the same strategies that you used for the beginning.

28. Step 8 Practice, Practice, Practice
Start practicing your speech at least two days ahead of time
Practice by yourself at first. If possible, record yourself
Then get friends or family members to listen to your speech (ask for honest, constructive advice)
Practice until you know your speech inside and out

29. Helpful Hints
Glance at me
DON’T try to memorize what you will say. Instead, use your note cards to guide you in presenting your key points
Use body language and the tone and volume of your voice to emphasize key points.

30. The delivery of your speech
Step 9 ~ The Delivery
No, NOT pizza delivery
The delivery of your speech

31. When it is time to deliver your speech use the following strategies:
1. Review your note cards to refresh your memory before you start.

32. 2. Do NOT read to your audience
Use your note cards to help you focus on your key points, but DO NOT read from the cards word for word

33. Speak slowly & loudly, pronouncing each of your words clearly and CONFIDENTLY!

34. Make eye contact with your audience.
Look up as often as you can

35. Use verbal techniques
Alter the tone and loudness of your voice, to emphasize key points
Don’t rush! Take your time, and use your voice to add color and interest to your speech. GLANCE at your notes cards when you need to.

36. Use Nonverbal Techniques
Movements
Posture
Facial expressions
Gestures
To reinforce your ideas and to maintain the attention of your audience

37. Show interest in your topic all the way through your speech and wait a few seconds after you are done before you sit down. Don’t run back to your seat.

38. Evaluating a Speech
When you evaluate a speech, critically examine the effectiveness of the content and the delivery

39. Checklist ~ Did the speaker…
Achieve their purpose? Persuade convincingly?
Elaborate his or her main ideas and support each with facts or appropriate details?
Introduce the topic clearly, develop it well, and conclude effectively?
Use facial expressions, gestures, and movements that reinforced the spoken message?
Give complete answers to audience questions?

40. Good Luck!