1. Understanding Diabetes Mr. Alvarez Health Science © 2008

2. What is Diabetes?  A chronic disease (lasts a long time) where the person’s body either: a)loses the ability to make enough insulin (a hormone) = Type 1 or b)the body can’t use the insulin that it does make properly = Type 2.

3. How does it begin?  Our bodies take in food, digest it & turns it into sugar (Glucose).  The pancreas releases insulin which joins up with glucose to get it into the cell.  Glucose gives energy to the cell.  NO insulin = NO Glucose in Cell.

4. Food and digestion  Digestion & Diabetes Digestion & Diabetes

5. Where is the pancreas?

6. Insulin & Glucose 2gether  When insulin attaches to the cell it opens the cell to let in Glucose.

7. Insulin & Glucose 2gether

8. Type 1 Diabetes  Occurs at childhood (kids and teens) genes.  Pancreas loses the ability to make insulin or makes very little.  Must inject themselves everyday and watch what they eat.

9. Type 1 Diabetes

10. Type 2 Diabetes  Makes improper insulin.  Occurs usually over the age of 45 or people overweight.  Inherited from ones parents. (genes)

11. Gestational  women without previously diagnosed diabetes exhibit high blood glucose levels during pregnancy

12. Too Much Glucose  If Glucose can’t get into the cell it builds up creating sugary blood. (hyperglycemia)

13. Foods with high Carbs

14. Eating glucose levels Above 150 Can be diabetic.

15. Eating glucose levels Above 150 Can be diabetic.

17. Causes of Diabetes  Genetics  Poor eating habits  Stress  Sickness  Lack of exercise

18. Symptoms of Diabetes  Extreme Thirst  Need to urinate frequently  Sudden or excessive weight loss.  Extreme hunger  Fatigue  Vaginal yeast infection in girls

19. High /Low Glucose

20. Treatments  Diet  Exercise (30 min per day)  Blood Glucose checks (monitoring)  Insulin injections  Medications

21. Treatments

22. If Not Treated What Could Happen?  Kidney Problems  Blindness  Dental problems  Amputation  Infections  DEATH!  Recap Recap

23. Quiz Time!!!  True or False. Eating too much sugar causes diabetes.  (False)  type 1 diabetes happens when the cells in the pancreas that make insulin are destroyed.  type 2 diabetes is inherited

24. Quiz Time!!!  True or False. People with diabetes can never eat sweets.  (False)  It just means that they should put the brakes on eating too many sweets and other types of foods that are high in calories and low in nutrients like vitamins and minerals.

25. Quiz Time!!!  True or False. People can outgrow diabetes.  (False)  People don't grow out of their diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas stops making insulin and won't make it again.  Type 2 diabetes will probably always have the tendency to develop high blood sugar levels

26. Quiz Time!!!  True or False. You can catch diabetes from a person who has it.  (False)  Diabetes is not contagious, which means you can't get it from another person.

27. Quiz Time!!!  True or False. People with diabetes can feel when their blood sugar levels are high or low.  (False)  You may feel certain symptoms (like weakness or fatigue) if your blood sugar levels are high or low, but the only way to know your blood sugar levels for sure is to test them.

28. Quiz Time!!!  True or False. All people with diabetes need to take insulin.  (False)  All people with type 1 diabetes have to take insulin injections because their pancreases don't make insulin anymore. Some, but not all, people with type 2 diabetes have to take insulin — with or without other diabetes medications.

29. Quiz Time!!!  True or False. Insulin cures diabetes.  (False)  Diabetes is a condition that you manage with insulin, but insulin can't cure it.

30. Quiz Time!!!  True or False. People with diabetes can't exercise.  (False)  Exercise is important for all people — with or without diabetes! Exercise has many benefits. In addition to helping keep your weight under control