1. SPAN 186 - CLASS 3 Good news - class is being taught! Thanks for your perseverance!

2. SPAN 186 - 2 Resumiendo... Accent: sounds Dialect: sounds, grammar, vocabulary Language: sounds, grammar, vocabulary –(just more of it?) -> history, politics, society Mutual intelligibility doesn´t always work –Dialects difficult to understand / languages easy

3. 186-2 NOTION OF STANDARD 3/15 What is the norm? What is a standard? Is any variety “better” than another? Why are there different Romance dialects / languages?

4. Maps of romance languages: to the overhead please !

5. 186- 2 Language change 5/15 Is language change “bad”? Change is inherent in the notion of variety Change is not just physiological (other elements: fashion, social factors) Historical depth > can’t predict: “some do and some don’t”

6. 186- 2 Linguistics 101 6/15 Prescriptivism vs descriptivism Phonetics: articulation and perception of speech sounds Phonology: the patterning of speech sounds Morphology: word formation Syntax: sentence formation Semantics: interpretation of words and sentences Language change Language acquisition (generation to generation)

7. 186- 2 Internal grammar 7/15 a)praspi) trosta b)flibii) esparto c)trafiii) moña d)*psapriv) *trost e)*bfliv) *sparto f)*ftravi) *ñoma Pronounce them for me and tell me which are possible words of English/Spanish and why?

8. 186-2 Internal grammar bis 8/15 a)hunted b)slipped c)buzzedwhat about flib? d)pint *paynki) anclaiv) *amcla e)fiend *fiempii) empeorarv) *enpeorar f)wronged *wrongviii) antañovi) *amtaño g)glimpse*glimpk Pronounce them for me and tell me which are possible words of English / Spanish and why?

9. OrganSurvival functionSpeech function LungsExchange CO2, OSupply air for speech Vocal foldsCreate sealed overProduce voice for speech sounds passage to lungs TongueMove food to teethArticulate vowels and consonants & back to throat TeethBreak up foodProvide place of articulation for C’s LipsSeal oral cavityArticulate vowels and consonants Nasal cavitiesBreathingProvide nasal resonance Survival versus speech

10. Overhead of speech production

11. Revision of phonetics / phonology Difference between phoneme / allophone Nasal / stop Voiced / voiceless Fricative / affricate Feature in common /I/ and /i/ Features in common /k/ and /g/ Write the appropriate phonetic symbol for each: –Voiced alveolar stop –Bilabial nasal –Lax high back vowel –Low front vowel –Voiceless alveopalatal affricate –Voiced velar fricative