1. Byzantine Empire

2. JUSTINIAN Claim to fame… 1.Hagia Sophia 2.Justinian’s Code 3.Reclaim the land of the Roman Empire - General Belasarius…

3. Hagia Sophia For a 1,000 years it was the largest cathedral. Now the 4 th.

4. Hagia Sophia

5. Church of Holy Wisdom Giant cathedral- largest in world for a 1,000 years… Now the 4 th largest. Mosiacs and Murals inside Domes in the Hagia Sophia and across Constantinople.

6. Tour of Constantinople/Instanbul

7. Mosiac of Justinian

8. Theodora

9. ? “Rather let the crime of the guilty go unpunished than condemn the innocent.”

10. Justinian Code Four parts to his code… 1.DIGEST – decisions of the great Roman jurists. ( court decisions) 2. INSTITUTES- Textbook for law students 3.NOVELS- edicts ( orders) given by Justinian 4.CODEX- Statutes and principles. ( written laws)

11. Belasarius Helped put down the Nika Revolt

12. Reclaimed lost Roman Empire land

13. Belasarius Helped crush the Nika Revolts Won back much of Italy and North Africa

14. RELIGION AND GOVERNMENT ABSOLUTISM- The idea that the emperor had complete power over everything in Constantinople- government and religion. Head of the Church and Government Christianity the official religion. Constantine converted to Christianity when he moved the capital to Byzantium.

15. CHRISTIANITY EUROPE AND THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE UNITED IN ONE FAITH…CHRISTIANITY EVERYONE WAS SUPPOSE TOBE CHRISTIAN… THEY FOUGHT OVER ISSUES… ICONS – RELIGIOUS IMAGES, statues, and artwork.( SHOULD RELIGIOUS IMAGES BE USED IN WORSHIP?) FOUGHT FOR 100 YEARS

16. ICONS ICONS OK IN THE WEST ( ROME) NOT IN THE EAST.

17. THOUGHT THAT IT WAS IDOL WORSHIP…FORBIDDEN BY GOD. 730 EMPEROR LEO BANNED USE OF ICONS PEOPLE IN ROMAN CHURCH DID NOT LIKE THIS…SOME PEOPLE COULD NOT READ…ICONS MADE IT EASY TO WORSHIP… (PARTS OF ITALY UNDER BYZANTINE RULE) POPE GREGORY III ( ROME) EXCOMMUNITCATE LEO….LEO AND SUPPORTERS NO LONGER MEMBERS OF THE CHURCH!

18. EAST AND WEST VERY DIFFERENT

19. WEST FRANKISH/ GERMANIC CULTURE SPOKE LATIN RURAL/ AGRICULTURE HEAD OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH IS THE POPE. All the power. He chose the Emperor.

20. EAST Spoke Greek MANY CITIES …TRADE AND WEALTH HEAD OF THE CHURCH CHOSEN BY THE EMPEROR IS CALLED THE PATRIARCH

21. Byzantine Empress Irene V. Charlemagne RomeByzantine Empress Irene

22. Patriarch v. Pope Patriarch…would not recognize the Pope as supreme authority. Pope Leo would not recognize Empress Irene as leader.

23. Who is in charge? Pope Leo crowns Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor. Byzantines still felt Empress Irene in charge.

24. THIS LEADS TO THE SPLIT WITHIN THE CHURCH. IT IS KNOWN AS THE GREAT SCHISM.

25. 1054 GREAT SCHISM- SPLIT BETWEEN EAST AND WEST CHURCH PATRIARCH CERULARIUS CLOSED ALL CHURCHES THAT WORSHIPED WESTERN RITES. POPE LEO WENT TO HAGIA SOPHIA AND EXCOMMUICATED HIM… CERULARIUS EXCOMMUNICATED THE POPE… REALLY ONLY SYMBOLIC….

26. CHRISTIANITY SPLIT INTO TWO BRANCHES EAST BECOMES THE EASTERN ORTHODOX CHURCH. ( ORTHODOX MEANS “RIGHT BELIEF”) Headed by the Patriarch. WEST BECOMES ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH HEADED BY THE POPE.