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GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 1 GLAST Large Area Telescope: Instrument Design Overview Lowell A. Klaisner.

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Presentation on theme: "GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 1 GLAST Large Area Telescope: Instrument Design Overview Lowell A. Klaisner."— Presentation transcript:

1 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 1 GLAST Large Area Telescope: Instrument Design Overview Lowell A. Klaisner Stanford Linear Accelerator Center LAT Chief Engineer Klaisner@slac.stanford.edu Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope DRAFT Version 3

2 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 2 Overview Gamma ray Large Area Space Telescope – GLAST Large Area Telescope – LAT LAT Subsystems –Anticoincidence Detector – ACD –Tracker – TKR –Calorimeter – CAL –Data Acquisition – DAQ Flight Software –Mechanical Structure LAT Thermal Design / Analysis LAT Mechanical Design / Analysis Manufacturing Plans Schedule Critical Path to Delivery of the LAT to the Spacecraft Vendor

3 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 3 Design Integration Organization

4 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 4 GLAST Observatory Large Area Telescope (LAT) Gamma Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) Spacecraft Person Launch VehicleDelta II – 2920-10H Launch LocationKennedy Space Center Orbit Altitude575 Km Orbit Inclination28.5 degrees Orbit Period95 Minutes Data Ground StationMalindi, Kenya

5 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 5 Data Flow

6 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 6 LAT Overview

7 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 7 Modular Architecture Tracker Calorimeter Tower Electronics Module Tower Power Supply 16 Identical Towers Modules are Interchangeable Redundancy at the Tower Level Science Objectives met with failure of one Tower

8 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 8 Instrument Structure Anti Coincidence Detector 16 Tracker Modules Grid 16 Calorimeter Modules Electronics Modules Radiators

9 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 9 LAT Design Changes Since January 2002 I-PDR LAT Design, Jan 2002 LAT Design, July 2002 Radiators mount directly to Grid Radiators supported off Grid with Mount Brackets Increased separation to accommodate SC stay-clear Heat Pipe Patch Plate extends below Grid Hole for solar array mast Slot for solar array mast Full EMI shield under Grid 4 VCHP’s per Radiator 6 VCHP’s per Radiator Shorter panels clear PAF Narrower panels for thermal efficiency Higher conductivity sidewalls for reduced temp gradients

10 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 10 LAT Underside Design Details Empty boxes EPU boxes PDU box GASU box SIU boxes TPS (16x) TEM (16x)

11 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 11 Spacecraft Mechanical Interface

12 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 12 Spacecraft Electrical Interface

13 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 13 ACD Tile Shell Assembly

14 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 14 ACD Base Frame Assembly

15 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 15 MLI and Micrometeriod Shield

16 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 16 ACD Engineering Models

17 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 17 Tracker Tower w/o Skins

18 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 18 Tracker Tray Structure Solid State Detectors Bias Plane Tungsten Foil Multi-Chip Module Wire Bonds Multi-Chip Module

19 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 19 Tray Structure Silicon Strip Detectors 18 X-Y Pairs of Planes Tracker Tray Configuration “Thin” Tungsten Foil (0.10 mm) 12 Locations “Thick” Tungsten Foil (0.72 mm) 4 Locations 0 Y 1 X 2 Y 3 X 4 Y 18 Y 17 X 16 Y No Tungsten Foil 2 Locations

20 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 20 Tracker Tower

21 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 21 Tracker Bottom Tray

22 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 22 Intrinsic LAT Measurements Characteristics Low-level –Strip pitch: 228  m –Plane spacing: ~3 cm –Tower size: ~60 cm tall, ~37 cm wide –Geometric characteristics: hit resolution/plane spacing: ~2 mrad (410 arcsec) hit resolution/tower height: 0.1 mrad (21 arcsec) –thus, on average, a tower rotation of 10 arcsec will have a very small impact on the strip hit distribution in a single event. stack diagonal angle: 32 degrees High-level –Photon direction determined by reconstruction software algorithms. Different categories of events and corresponding measurement quality. Kalman filter is used. Optimal algorithm to handle both multiple scattering and geometric effects. At low energy, first measurements dominate due to multiple scattering. Even for cross-tower events, it is the measurements in the tower containing the conversion that dominate the direction measurement. At high energy, it is the tower with the largest track path length that dominates the direction measurement. To good approximation, the individual tower misalignment is also the photon location misalignment. This also represents the pessimistic case.

23 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 23 Tracker Engineering Models Tracker Mini-tower –Functional Model –Four Trays –Testing begun Tracker Full Size Mechanical Tower –Thermal and Vacuum –Non-functional electronically –Verify Mechanical Model –Verify Structural Integrity

24 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 24 Calorimeter Module Assembly Modular Design 4 x 4 array of calorimeter modules Each Module  8 layers of 12 CsI(Tl) Crystals  Crystal dimensions: 27 x 20 x 326 mm  Hodoscopic stacking - alternating orthogonal layers  Dual PIN photodiode on each end of crystals.  Mechanical packaging – Carbon Composite cell structure  Electronics boards attached to each side.  Electronic readout to connectors at base of calorimeter.  Outer wall is EMI shield and provides structural stiffness as well.

25 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 25 Calorimeter CsI Detector Module

26 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 26 Calorimeter Engineering Models Engineering Model –Full functional and environmental testing Structural Model –Verify new composite structure tooling and fabrication –Mass models for CDEs Structural Flight Model –Verify composite using the autoclave and processes that will be used for flight models

27 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 27 Data Acquisition Boxes Layout PDU GASU SIU 1 EPU SIU 2 +Y +X +Z All TEM/TPS Positions w/o an Electronic Module have EMPTY Boxes mounted to them.

28 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 28 DAQ Block Diagram

29 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 29 DAQ Data Flow

30 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 30 DAQ Engineering Models

31 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 31 Functional Requirements Instrument Flight Software InterfacesS/C CommandingLAT ControlSystem StartupFunctions Authentication Real Time Commands Timed Command Scripts Event Driven Commands GPS Message Attitude Message GBM Message Transient Alert S/C Repointing Request File Upload File Download Save Audit Trail 1553 Solid State Recorder CPU Reset PPS Interrupt GBM Interrupt Watchdog Off CPU Timers EEProm / File DAQ I/O Thermal Mode Control Configuration Control Fault Handling Save Audit Trail Processor Boot Instrument Startup Housekeeping Low Rate Science Calibration Diagnostics Identify Transients Event Monitoring Event Filtering Note: — This is instrument flight software, not spacecraft flight software — All instrument flight software is updatable during operations

32 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 32 Baseline Architecture Event Processing Unit (1 of n) Spacecraft Interface Unit DAQ Front End Electronics Spacecraft 1553 Event Dispatch Command Control Configuration SSR Discrete Signals SSR Service Command Control Configuration SIU EPU Housekeeping LRS Configuration Calibration CNO Science Calibration CNO Event Filter CFG/HSK/LRS Dispatch 1553 Service

33 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 33 Derived Functional Requirements (SIU) InterfacesS/C CommandingLAT ControlSystem StartupFunctions Authentication Real Time Commands Timed Command Scripts Event Driven Commands GPS Message Attitude Message GBM Message Transient Alert S/C Repointing Request File Upload File Download Save Audit Trail 1553 Solid State Recorder CPU Reset PPS Interrupt GBM Interrupt Watchdog Off CPU Timers EEProm / File DAQ I/O EPU I/O Thermal Mode Control/Synch Configuration Control Fault Handling Save Audit Trail Processor Boot Instrument Startup Housekeeping Low Rate Science Calibration (master) Diagnostics (master) Identify Transients Event Post Processing Instrument Flight Software

34 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 34 Derived Functional Requirements (EPU) InterfacesS/C CommandingLAT ControlSystem StartupFunctions SIU I/O Event Builder I/O CPU Reset Off CPU Timers Mode Control/Synch Processor Boot Calibration (slave) Diagnostics (slave) Event Monitoring Event Filtering Instrument Flight Software

35 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 35 Software Architecture (SIU) Control / Mode Command Queue Finite State Machine Tasks Event Post-processingCalibrationDiagnostics Transient AnalysisSIU HousekeepingLow Rate Science CNO AnalysisLAT HousekeepingSAA Monitoring Services Event DispatchCommand DispatchLAT Configuration SIU / EPU Scatter / GatherWatchdog UpdateCCSDS TimersBootInterrupt (S/C discretes) Drivers SIU / EPU CommunicationsSIU / LAT CommunicationsWatchdog 1553EEProm / FileSolid State Recorder

36 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 36 Software Architecture (EPU) Control / Mode Finite State Machine Tasks Event FilteringCalibrationDiagnostics Event MonitoringEPU Housekeeping Services Event DispatchCommand Dispatch SIU / EPU Scatter / GatherWatchdog Update TimersBoot Drivers SIU / EPU CommunicationsEPU / Event BuilderWatchdog

37 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 37 Event Processing Unit Interconnect Function Global Trigger FunctionSpacecraft Interface Unit DAQ PWR Mgt Event Builder Processor CPU I/O Spacecraft I/O PCIBUSPCIBUS PCIBUSPCIBUS Spacecraft Discretes SSR 1553 Processor CPU I/O LAT I/O T&DF Overall Architecture Tower Front End Electronics ACD Front End Electronics TRG Configuration TRG FIFO KeyEvent Data:Trigger Primitives:Configuration/Housekeeping/Low Rate Physics Data: Trigger Message:Command, Configuration and Control:All event fragments: CONTROLCONTROL Trigger Logic HSK/LRS ~4 1 Tower Electronics Module CONTROLCONTROL Trigger Primitives Tower PWR MgtHSK/LRS TKR ASICS CAL ASICS CONTROLCONTROL Trigger Primitives Tower PWR MgtHSK/LRS ACD ASICS TKR CAL ACD ACD Electronics Function 16

38 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 38 LAT Thermal Systems Overview On-Orbit Thermal Environment and LAT Process Power Survi val ColdHotUnit s Earth IR208 265W/m 2 Earth Albedo0.25 0.40 Solar Flux1286 141 9 W/m 2 LAT Process Power 0523602W MLI thermal shielding surrounding ACD, Grid Box, Electronics X-LAT Plates shunt Electronics process power to Radiators Active VCHP control allows for variable Radiator area to maintain constant interface temp to LAT Total Max Power = 602 + 48 = 650 W

39 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 39 LAT Thermal Systems Components Passive thermal hardware –Radiators and X-LAT Plates Transport and reject heat from LAT –Grid Base Assembly Transport heat from LAT interior to Radiators Actively-controlled hardware –Radiator VCHP’s Heaters on reservoirs are the active feedback mechanism –Radiator anti-freeze heaters Thermostatically-controlled to assure that VCHP’s do not freeze when LAT is in survival mode –Grid Make-up heaters Thermostatically-controlled to make-up heat leak during survival LAT Thermal System Components Radiators Grid Base Assembly X-LAT Plates

40 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 40 Thermal Control System Design Source: LAT-SS-00715-01, “LAT Thermal Control System Performance Specification,” 23 March 2003 Lockheed-Martin Space Craft Electronics Subsystem Mechanical Subsystem

41 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 41 Structural Model LAT structural model moved to NASTRAN –Changed FEA software from ANSYS to NASTRAN to make it more compatible with GLAST project office –Re-built model to improve dynamic analysis capabilities –Model is used to generate system structural response and interface limit loads Subsystem models updated –New TKR model from Hytec –Updated ACD model from GSFC –Incorporated reduced CAL model from NRL –New Radiator model from LM –Re-built electronics model based on current E-Box and interface designs LAT Finite Element Model

42 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 42 Manufacturing Plans ACD –TilesFermilab –SubassemblyGoddard Space Flight Center Tracker –TowersINFN Italy Calorimeter –CDEsCEA France –StructureIN2P3 France –Module AssemblyNaval Research Lab DAQ –Box Level AssemblyStanford Linear Accelerator Center Mechanical –Radiators and X-LATLockheed Martin –GRIDStanford Linear Accelerator Center IntegrationStanford Linear Accelerator Center

43 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 43 Major Design Issues Calorimeter to Grid Interface –Achieve adequate design margins particularly in the region of the spacecraft attachment points Cross-LAT Plate Design –Thermal interface to the Electronics Boxes Tracker Tray Fabrication –MCM manufacturability –Honeycomb grounding –Contamination control Manufacturing Startup –Completeness of designs –Control of material and processes

44 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 44 LAT Drawing Tree

45 GLAST LAT ProjectCDR/CD3 Review May 12-16, 2003 Document: LAT-PR-01967Section 4 45 Critical Path


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