1. ANOVA Assumptions 1.Normality (sampling distribution of the mean) 2.Homogeneity of Variance 3.Independence of Observations - reason for random assignment

2. If we sample from p 1 s 2 is an unbiased estimator of also, and Because we assume homogeneity of variance and, For the best estimate of (for equal sample sizes) (for unequal sample sizes)

3. When “n” is a constant k= number of groups n=number of observations in a group

4. Another look,

5. If we assume not only homogeneity of variance but also that the null hypothesis is true then, and, by rearranging where

6. ANOVA TREATMENT EFFECT

7. Expected Values If the null hypothesis is true,

8. If the null hypothesis is false