1. Catalyst
What are the main results of Earth’s rotation?
Why does the Earth’s distance from the sun vary?
Explain what causes the seasons.

2. How does the Earth move? P. Title: How does the Earth move?
Objectives
Explain precession and its effect on the seasons
Explain nutation and its effect on the seasons.
Agenda
IN: Drawing Earth’s Motion
THROUGH: Precession/Nutation Notes
OUT: Lesson Reflection
PRACTICE: Making Models
Notebook
P Title: How does the Earth move?
P Title: Precession and Nutation

3. Why are places near the equator hotter?
Question of the Day
Why are places near the equator hotter?
On earth, the equator receives more sunshine than do the poles. This is due to simple geometry of the earth's curvature, a given amount of sunshine in a beam falling on the equator, which points directly at the sun, has a much more intense effect than the glancing rays spread over a much larger area of the curving surface near the poles. In addition, extensive ice and snow at the poles reflects back to space some of the sun's energy that reaches the earth.
Much more sunshine is absorbed to heat the earth at the equator. This means the land at the equator becomes hotter than the poles. If we had no atmosphere or oceans, the equator would become too hot for life as we know it, and the poles too cold. However, the atmosphere and oceans take some of the excess heat from the equator to the poles, making both habitable to humans. An interesting connection to make is that if the earth were heated evenly at all latitudes there would be no winds or ocean currents.

4. Partner Focus
Positivity 

5. Input: Left Top: Create the following chart on the top of your page
Input: Left Top: Create the following chart on the top of your page. Sketch a picture to show rotation and revolution.
Rotation
Revolution
Precession
Nutation

6. What’s your sign?

7. Astronomy vs. Astrology
Astronomy is the study of the universe.
Astrology is a system of horoscopes that claim to explain aspects of a person's personality and predict future events in their life based on the positions of the sun, moon, and other planetary objects at the time of their birth.

8. Why Astrology is not Science
Your zodiac sign corresponds to the position of the sun relative to constellations as they appeared more 2,200 years ago!
Zodiac signs were originally determined by which constellation the Sun was "in" on the day you were born.

9. Astronomy
Early astronomers observed the Sun traveling through the signs of the Zodiac in the course of one year, spending about a month in each.
However, a phenomenon called precession has altered the position of the constellations we see today.

10. Astronomy
Ancient astrologers, the Earth continually wobbles around its axis in a 26,000-year cycle.
Over the last 2,500 years, this wobble means the signs have slipped one-tenth—or almost one whole month—of the way around the sky
Most horoscope signs are different after considering the changes caused by precession

11. So what does precession look like?
Pause at: 0:59 – where have we heard this idea before?

12. Precession The Earth’s axis is tilted at a 23.5º angle
Precession: the change in direction of the Earth’s axis, but without any change in tilt
-Like the wobbling motion of a spinning top
1 precessional cycle: approximately 26,000 years
Minor effect on the seasons

14. The North Star Our North Star is currently Polaris
Because of precession, in 13,000 years our North Star will be Vega

15. MSL Prep In 13,000 years, precession will cause
no change to the Earth’s seasons
the seasons on Earth to be reversed
the Earth’s axis to be pointing toward a “new” North Star
the Earth’s axis to be pointing toward the same North Star

16. MSL Prep In 13,000 years, precession will cause
no change to the Earth’s seasons
the seasons on Earth to be reversed
the Earth’s axis to be pointing toward a “new” North Star
the Earth’s axis to be pointing toward the same North Star

17. So the earth moves in 3 ways:
1. Rotation (spinning) 2. Revolution (taking a lap around the sun) 3.Precession (changing direction of the axis)

18. And let’s add one more… The Earth is CRAZY! 1. Rotation 2. Revolution
3. Precession
4. Nutation

19. Nutation
Nutation: The wobbling/swaying motion during the precession of our axis.
This causes a 1 degree change in the tilt of the Earth’s axis.
No effect on the seasons

21. MSL Prep Nutation causes no change to the Earth’s seasons
significant changes to the Earth’s seasons
no change in the Earth’s tilt
significant changes to the Earth’s tilt

22. MSL Prep Nutation causes no change to the Earth’s seasons
significant changes to the Earth’s seasons
no change in the Earth’s tilt
significant changes to the Earth’s tilt

23. Output (Left Bottom)
Reflect on what we’ve learned today by finishing the following sentences.
Today, I learned …
I was surprised to find …
I wonder what would happen if…
The important thing about …

24. Make your own model!
Your job is to create and explain a scientific model that describes:
the daily changes on Earth due to its rotation
the seasonal changes due its the tilt
revolution of the Earth around the sun.
Precession and nutation of Earth’s axis
You can use any of the supplies that I have supplied to create your model.

25. Working Norms Volume: 6 inch voice
All group members must contribute to making the model.
Use supplies SUSTAINABLY – take only what you need, and leave some for other groups!
Return all supplies when the timer runs up.