1. Chapter 8: Microbial Genetics
Regulation of Bacterial Genes
Protein Synthesis
Genetic Transfer
DNA
Mutation
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FINAL ROUND

2. Topic 1: DNA $100 Question
A sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a functional product is a(n)
genetic code.
gene.
codon.
anticodon.
Answer = B
ANSWER
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3. Topic 1: DNA $100 Answer
A sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a functional product is a(n)
genetic code.
gene.
codon.
anticodon.
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4. original strand and one new strand? transformation transcription
Topic 1: DNA $200 Question
Which process results in a new double-stranded DNA molecule that contains one
original strand and one new strand?
transformation
transcription
semiconservative replication
translation
Answer = C
ANSWER
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5. Which process results in a new double-
Topic 1: DNA $200 Answer
Which process results in a new double-
stranded DNA molecule that contains one
original strand and one new strand?
transformation
transcription
semiconservative replication
translation
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6. Topic 1: DNA $300 Question
In DNA replication, the newly added nucleotide is joined to the growing DNA strand by
DNA polymerase.
RNA polymerase.
DNA ligase.
DNA gyrase.
Answer = A
ANSWER
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7. Topic 1: DNA $300 Answer
In DNA replication, the newly added nucleotide is joined to the growing DNA strand by
DNA polymerase.
RNA polymerase.
DNA ligase.
DNA gyrase.
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8. Topic 1: DNA $400 Question
DNA polymerase adds new nucleotides to the _____ end only on a DNA strand. 2′ 3′ 4′ 5′
Answer = B
ANSWER
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9. Topic 1: DNA $400 Answer
DNA polymerase adds new nucleotides to the _____ end only on a DNA strand. 2′ 3′ 4′ 5′
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10. Topic 1: DNA $500 Question
Which of the following enzymes joins DNA strands and joins Okazaki fragments and new segments in excision by forming covalent bonds?
RNA polymerase
DNA polymerase
DNA ligase
DNA gyrase
Answer = C
ANSWER
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11. Topic 1: DNA $500 Answer
Which of the following enzymes joins DNA strands and joins Okazaki fragments and new segments in excision by forming covalent bonds?
RNA polymerase
DNA polymerase
DNA ligase
DNA gyrase
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12. Topic 2: Protein Synthesis $100 Question
What carries the coded information for making specific proteins from DNA to ribosomes?
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
RNA polymerase
Answer = A
ANSWER
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13. Topic 2: Protein Synthesis $100 Answer
What carries the coded information for making specific proteins from DNA to ribosomes?
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
RNA polymerase
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14. Topic 2: Protein Synthesis $200 Question
Which molecules recognize specific codons and transport amino acids?
DNA
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
Answer = D
ANSWER
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15. Topic 2: Protein Synthesis $200 Answer
Which molecules recognize specific codons and transport amino acids?
DNA
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
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16. Topic 2: Protein Synthesis $300 Question
A group of three nucleotides is called a(n)
codon.
anticodon.
exon.
intron.
Answer = A
ANSWER
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17. Topic 2: Protein Synthesis $300 Answer
A group of three nucleotides is called a(n)
codon.
anticodon.
exon.
intron.
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18. Topic 2: Protein Synthesis $400 Question
Transcription begins when RNA polymerase binds to the DNA at the
intron.
mRNA.
tRNA.
promoter.
Answer = D
ANSWER
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19. Topic 2: Protein Synthesis $400 Answer
Transcription begins when RNA polymerase binds to the DNA at the
intron.
mRNA.
tRNA.
d. promoter.
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20. Topic 2: Protein Synthesis $500 Question
Of the 64 codons, how many are sense codons? 48 60 61 52
Answer = C
ANSWER
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21. Topic 2: Protein Synthesis $500 Answer
Of the 64 codons, how many are sense
codons? 48 60 61 52
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22. Topic 3: Regulation of Bacterial Genes $100 Question
Perhaps 60–80% of genes are NOT regulated, but are
constitutive.
continuous.
degenerative.
repressed.
Answer = A
ANSWER
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23. Topic 3: Regulation of Bacterial Genes $100 Answer
Perhaps 60–80% of genes are NOT regulated, but are
constitutive.
continuous.
degenerative.
repressed.
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24. Topic 3: Regulation of Bacterial Genes $200 Question
What is the process that turns on the transcription of a gene or genes?
induction
repression
translation
catabolite repression
Answer = A
ANSWER
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25. Topic 3: Regulation of Bacterial Genes $200 Answer
What is the process that turns on the
transcription of a gene or genes?
induction
repression
translation
catabolite repression
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26. Topic 3: Regulation of Bacterial Genes $300 Question
A set of operator and promoter sites and the structural genes they control defines
a corepressor.
an operon.
an inducer.
cAMP.
Answer = B
ANSWER
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27. Topic 3: Regulation of Bacterial Genes $300 Answer
A set of operator and promoter sites and the structural genes they control defines
a corepressor.
an operon.
an inducer.
cAMP.
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28. Topic 3: Regulation of Bacterial Genes $400 Question
Inhibition of the metabolism of alternative carbon sources by glucose is called
induction.
repression.
corepression.
catabolite repression.
Answer = D
ANSWER
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29. Topic 3: Regulation of Bacterial Genes $400 Answer
Inhibition of the metabolism of alternative
carbon sources by glucose is called
induction.
repression.
corepression.
catabolite repression.
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30. Topic 3: Regulation of Bacterial Genes $500 Question
Epigenetic inheritance is
a process that turns on the transcription of a gene (or genes).
the semiconservative replication of DNA to be passed on to offspring.
turning genes off by methylation of certain nucleotides.
a process that inhibits gene expression.
Answer = C
ANSWER
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31. Topic 3: Regulation of Bacterial Genes $500 Answer
Epigenetic inheritance is
a process that turns on the transcription of a gene (or genes).
the semiconservative replication of DNA to be passed on to offspring.
turning genes off by methylation of certain nucleotides.
a process that inhibits gene expression.
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32. Topic 4: Mutation $100 Question
Ionizing radiation causes
DNA to break.
bonding between adjacent thymines.
nitrogenous base substitutions.
the formation of highly reactive ions.
Answer = D
ANSWER
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33. Topic 4: Mutation $100 Answer
Ionizing radiation causes
DNA to break.
bonding between adjacent thymines.
nitrogenous base substitutions.
the formation of highly reactive ions.
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34. Topic 4: Mutation $200 Question
Ultraviolet light is a form of mutagenic radiation, which causes cellular damage that can be
repaired by DNA replication.
repaired during transcription.
repaired during translation.
cut out and replaced.
Answer = D
ANSWER
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35. Topic 4: Mutation $200 Answer
Ultraviolet light is a form of mutagenic radiation, which causes cellular damage that can be
repaired by DNA replication.
repaired during transcription.
repaired during translation.
cut out and replaced.
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36. Topic 4: Mutation $300 Question
What is the most common type of mutation involving single base pairs?
frameshift mutation
nonsense mutation
missense mutation
base substitution
Answer = D
ANSWER
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37. Topic 4: Mutation $300 Answer
What is the most common type of mutation involving single base pairs?
frameshift mutation
nonsense mutation
missense mutation
base substitution
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38. Topic 4: Mutation $400 Question
Mutations in which one or a few nucleotide pairs are deleted or inserted in the DNA are called
nonsense mutations.
frameshift mutations.
point mutations.
base-pair mutations.
Answer = B
ANSWER
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39. Topic 4: Mutation $400 Answer
Mutations in which one or a few nucleotide pairs are deleted or inserted in the DNA are called
nonsense mutations.
frameshift mutations.
point mutations.
base-pair mutations.
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40. Topic 4: Mutation $500 Question
Approximately what percentage of substances found by the Ames test to be mutagenic have been found to be carcinogenic in animals?
85%
75%
95%
90%
Answer = D
ANSWER
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41. Topic 4: Mutation $500 Answer
Approximately what percentage of substances found by the Ames test to be mutagenic have been found to be carcinogenic in animals?
85%
75%
95%
90%
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42. Topic 5: Genetic Transfer $100 Question
Which of the following is defined as the
“exchange of genes between two DNA molecules to form new combinations of genes on a chromosome”?
conjugation
transduction
genetic recombination
crossing over
Answer = C
ANSWER
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43. Topic 5: Genetic Transfer $100 Answer
Which of the following is defined as the
“exchange of genes between two DNA
molecules to form new combinations of genes on a chromosome”?
conjugation
transduction
genetic recombination
crossing over
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44. Topic 5: Genetic Transfer $200 Question
Transformation is the transfer of DNA from a donor to a recipient cell
by a bacteriophage.
as naked DNA in solution.
by sexual reproduction.
by crossing over.
Answer = B
ANSWER
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45. Topic 5: Genetic Transfer $200 Answer
Transformation is the transfer of DNA from a donor to a recipient cell
by a bacteriophage.
as naked DNA in solution.
by sexual reproduction.
by crossing over.
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46. Topic 5: Genetic Transfer $300 Question
The process in which bacterial DNA is transferred from a donor cell to a recipient cell inside a bacteriophage is called
conjugation.
transduction.
specialized transduction.
transformation.
Answer = B
ANSWER
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47. Topic 5: Genetic Transfer $300 Answer
The process in which bacterial DNA is transferred from a donor cell to a recipient cell inside a bacteriophage is called
conjugation.
transduction.
specialized transduction.
transformation.
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48. Topic 5: Genetic Transfer $400 Question
The process in which genetic material is transferred from one bacterium to another is called
conjugation.
transformation.
replication.
specialized transduction.
Answer = A
ANSWER
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49. Topic 5: Genetic Transfer $400 Answer
The process in which genetic material is transferred from one bacterium to another is called
conjugation.
transformation.
replication.
specialized transduction.
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50. Topic 5: Genetic Transfer $500 Question
Which type of plasmid carries genes for sex pili and for the transfer of the plasmid to another cell?
resistance factors
bacteriocin plasmids
conjugative plasmids
transposons
Answer = C
ANSWER
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51. Topic 5: Genetic Transfer $500 Answer
Which type of plasmid carries genes for sex pili and for the transfer of the plasmid to another cell?
resistance factors
bacteriocin plasmids
conjugative plasmids
transposons
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52. FINAL ROUND Question
What provides a natural mechanism for the movement of genes from one region of a DNA molecule to another?
operons
transposons
plasmids
R factors
Answer = B
ANSWER
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53. FINAL ROUND Answer
What provides a natural mechanism for the movement of genes from one region of a DNA molecule to another?
operons
transposons
plasmids
R factors
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