1. CSI 102 Skills Lab 5 Emergency Assessment Daryl P. Lofaso, M.Ed, RRT

2. Initial Assessment Guide Primary Assessment  Observational Assessment Appearance, WOB, and Circulation Intervention to any life-threatening condition Secondary Assessment (Serial)  Vital Signs  GCS

3. Primary Assessment A = Airway / C-spine immobilization B = Breathing C = Circulation D = Disability or Neurologic Status

4. Secondary Assessment E = Exposure and environmental control to prevent heat loss F = Full set of vital signs, wt. G = Give comfort measures H = Head-to-toe assessment and History (Hx) I = Inspect posterior surfaces

5. Triage Assessment Emergent Urgent Non-urgent

6. Emergent Airway and Breathing Difficulties Cardiac Arrest C-spine compromise Seizure states Life or limb-threatening condition

7. Emergent (continued) Severe medical problems (Overdose, poisoning, DM complications) Obvious multiple injuries Excessive high temperature (> 105 o F or 40.5 o C) Cardiac CP Neurological Deficit – Stroke (CVA)

8. Urgent Chest Pain (Non-Cardiac) Burns ↓ LOC Persistent nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea Severe pain Temperature (102-105 o F or 39 o -40.5 o C) Delay of up to 2 hrs will not compromise life or limb

9. Non-Urgent Chronic backache Moderate headache Minor Fx or other injuries Obviously dead on arrival (DOA) Stable illness or injury, wait > than 2 hrs without an increased risk of morbidity or mortality

10. Patient’s Condition Stable – VS within normal limits. Pt conscious & comfortable. Guarded – VS within normal limits. Pt has some discomfort. Unstable – VS outside of normal limits. Major complications. Prognosis guarded.

11. Universal Precautions All Patients are potentially infectious. Good Hand Hygiene is the key to reducing nosocomial infections Wash before and after patient contact Wear a mask, eye protection, gloves and gown when needed

12. 3 Types of Precautions Airborne Droplet Contact

13. Pathogens Requiring Airborne Precautions Tuberculosis Measles (Rubeola) Varicella (Chickenpox)

14. Airborne Precautions Management Place patient in an isolation room with negative pressure Keep door closed Wear N-95 mask

15. Pathogens Requiring Contact Precautions M ulti-drug resistance bacteria (e.g., VRE – Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci, MRSA - Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ) RSV - Respiratory Syncytial Virus Clostridium difficile Scabies