1. Introduction of LTE 603410058 蕭承諺 603410088 周生傑 1

2. Abstract LTE(Long-Term Evolution) is a standard for wireless communication of high-speed data for mobile phones.  Although many people think that LTE is 4G, it is actually not; LTE-A(LTE-Advanced) is. In mobile communication, the next generation technology regularly modifies from the older one, and LTE is not the exception; it comes form GSM/UMTS networks and CDMA2000 networks. 2

3. Abstract(cont.) The LTE theoretically provides ：  Downlink peak rates up to 300 Mbit/s.  Uplink peak rates up to 75 Mbit/s. In contrast, 3G provides minimum data rate of 144kbps, 384kbps, and 2Mbps in moving vehicle, pedestrian, and indoor, respectively. 3

4. Architecture of LTE 4

5. Architecture of LTE(cont.) UE(User Equipment) ： Such as handset, laptop, etc. eNodeB ： Represents base station. MME(Mobility Management Entity) ： A standardized entity to mobility management; it is the key control-node for the LTE access-network. HSS(Home Subscriber Server) ： It is a central database that contains user-related and subscription-related information. 5

6. Architecture of LTE(cont.) S-GW(Serving Gateway) ：  Routes and forwards user data packets.  Acts as the mobility anchor for the user plane during inter-eNodeB handovers.  Be the anchor for mobility between LTE and other 3GPP technologies. P-GW(PDN Gateway) ： It provides connectivity from the UE to external packet data networks. 6

7. Conclusion Taiwan’s evolution of 4G is later than other countries because we developed WiMAX in past several years.  WiMAX is another standard for mobile communication, however, as LTE finalized, WiMAX is gradually abandoned. Taiwan recently goes into the 4G in despite of the late beginning; we can expect the future of wireless communication in our country. 7